부산대학교 도서관

Abel Abera Negash,1,2 Daniel Asrat,2 Workeabeba Abebe,3 Abraham Aseffa,1 Mario Vaneechoutte4 1Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 4Laboratory Bacteriology Research, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumCorrespondence: Abel Abera NegashArmauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), P.O. Box 1005, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaEmail abelaberan@gmail.comBackground: In several countries, introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) has led to a decline in antimicrobial-resistant pneumococcal disease but has also resulted in a concomitant increase in antimicrobial-resistant, non-vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. We sought to determine the magnitude of penicillin and macrolide resistance among pneumococcal serotypes and the mechanisms of macrolide resistance in Ethiopia, 5 years after the introduction of PCV10 in the country.Methods: Susceptibility to penicillin and erythromycin of 119 pneumococcal isolates collected from pediatric patients aged 0– 15 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, was tested using disc diffusion, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also determined by Etest. Pneumococcal serotypes were determined by sequencing the cpsB gene and using Quellung reaction. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were used to detect and differentiate the macrolide resistance genes erm(B), mef(A), and mef(B).Results: Among the 119 isolates, 2.5% (3/119) were resistant to penicillin, while 58% (69/119) were intermediate. Resistance to erythromycin was observed in 33.6% (40/119) of the isolates with the highest level of resistance among isolates from middle ear d