부산대학교 도서관

Many tetrapods (four‐legged animals) have lost their limbs during their evolution. They move (locomote) by specific patterns of body muscle contraction and relaxation. Key Concepts Limbless tetrapod locomotion is based on lateral undulation, but has many variations according to taxon, ecology, and behavior. New techniques, such as 3‐D CT‐scanning, x‐ray cine, modeling and robotics have increased our understanding of the functional morphology of limbless locomotion. Gliding, flying, and swimming, as well as terrestrial locomotion, are part of the repertoire of various tetrapods. Study of the development and ecology of locomotor modes is providing new insights into the evolution of limbless locomotion. Robots that mimic limbless tetrapod locomotion are being developed for new medical and environmental uses.