부산대학교 도서관

This case presentation depicts the frequent challenges faced by urologists in managing high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in a frail, elderly, comorbid cohort of patients. It explores the complex interplay of factors considered during the investigation, risk stratification, and management of an 82-year-old gentleman presenting with a non-muscle-invasive tumour of the highest-risk category. It focuses and expands upon current recommended bladder-preserving therapies, as well as highlighting the need for and future of novel, second-line bladder-preserving management options in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.