학술논문
제주지역 고령의 선주민이 정착이주민에 대해 가지는 태도 연구
Factors Influencing Elderly Attitudes toward Newcomers in Jeju
Factors Influencing Elderly Attitudes toward Newcomers in Jeju
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
조사연구 / Survey Research. Nov 30, 2021 22(4):31
Subject
Language
Korean
ISSN
1229-9219
Abstract
노동과 소비에 대한 가치관 변화는 이주의 유형에도 변화를 가져왔다. 경제적 동기에 기반한 도시로의 이동보다 자연 속에서 시간적 여유를 누리고자 헤테로토피아를 찾는 이동이 늘고 있다. 특히 제주는 이러한 신유형의 이주민들에게 매력적인 공간으로 자리잡았다. 그러나 제주 정착이 주민의 적응 문제는 지속적으로 제기되어 왔으며, 매해 적응의 어려움을 토로하는 정착이주민이 늘고 있다. 기존의 연구들이 정착이주민의 관점에서 이주를 다뤘다면, 본 연구는 선주민의 입장에서 이주민에 대해 가지는 태도를 살펴보았다. 특히 도시에 국한하지 않고 읍·면부로 이주하는 양상을 염두에 두어 고령화된 지역사회에서 만나게 되는 고령의 선주민 태도를 확인하였다. 이들 고령의 선주민이 이주민에 대해 가지는 태도에 영향을 주는 변인들을 크게 4단계로 구분하여 분석하였다.: 고령자 관련 특성, 제주 관련 특성, 코로나19(COVID-19) 영향, 접촉경험. 전반적인 인간관계와 독거여부, 영양 상태가 태도에 영향을 미쳤다. 제주출생인 선주민이 그렇지 않은 경우보다 이주민의 유입에 부정적이었다. 코로나로 인해 부정적 영향을 받았을수록 이주민의 유입을 꺼렸다. 마지막으로 정착이주민과의 개인적 접촉을 통해 긍정적 인상을 가지고 있을수록 정착이 주민의 유입을 반기는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 정착이주민에 대한 선주민의 태도를 살펴보고, 고령의 선주민과 신유형의 정착이주민 간의 갈등을 줄이며 한 지역사회에서 함께 거주할 수 있는 방안들을 모색하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.
Changes in values for labor and consumption have also changed the type of migration. Rather than moving to cities based on economic motivation, more and more people tend to seek heterotopia to enjoy time in nature. In particular, Jeju became an attractive place for these new types of immigrants; however, the issue of adaptation of Jeju settlers has been raised continuously and more and more settlers are expressing difficulties in adaptation each year. Prior research studies mostly dealt with migration from the perspective of immigrants; this study discussed the attitude toward newcomers from the perspective of indigenous people. Considering the tendency to settle in not only the city but rural areas too, the attitude of elderly people became an issue;therefore the elderly’attitude was measured in this study. The factors influencing the attitude toward migrants were analyzed in four stages.: Elderly-related characteristics, Jeju-related characteristics, Covid-19 impact, experience of direct contact. Overall relationship satisfaction, living alone, and nutritional status have affected the attitude. The Jeju-born elderly expressed more negative feeling to the influx of migrants. The more negatively affected by Covid-19, the more reluctant the influx of migrants was. The more positive the impression they have through personal contact with new settlers, the more they welcome the influx of newcomers. This study is meaningful in that it measured the attitude of indigenous people with quantitative data and sought ways to reduce conflicts between Jeju elderly people and new-type of immigrants to live together in a community.
Changes in values for labor and consumption have also changed the type of migration. Rather than moving to cities based on economic motivation, more and more people tend to seek heterotopia to enjoy time in nature. In particular, Jeju became an attractive place for these new types of immigrants; however, the issue of adaptation of Jeju settlers has been raised continuously and more and more settlers are expressing difficulties in adaptation each year. Prior research studies mostly dealt with migration from the perspective of immigrants; this study discussed the attitude toward newcomers from the perspective of indigenous people. Considering the tendency to settle in not only the city but rural areas too, the attitude of elderly people became an issue;therefore the elderly’attitude was measured in this study. The factors influencing the attitude toward migrants were analyzed in four stages.: Elderly-related characteristics, Jeju-related characteristics, Covid-19 impact, experience of direct contact. Overall relationship satisfaction, living alone, and nutritional status have affected the attitude. The Jeju-born elderly expressed more negative feeling to the influx of migrants. The more negatively affected by Covid-19, the more reluctant the influx of migrants was. The more positive the impression they have through personal contact with new settlers, the more they welcome the influx of newcomers. This study is meaningful in that it measured the attitude of indigenous people with quantitative data and sought ways to reduce conflicts between Jeju elderly people and new-type of immigrants to live together in a community.