학술논문
해외 고령친화 주택디자인 가이드라인 특성 분석
Characteristics of Global Age-Friendly Housing Design Guidelines
Characteristics of Global Age-Friendly Housing Design Guidelines
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
한국공간디자인학회 논문집 / Journal of the Korea Institute of the Spatial Design. Dec 31, 2023 18(8):377
Subject
Language
Korean
English
English
ISSN
1976-4405
Abstract
(연구배경 및 목적) 인구 고령화는 글로벌 현상으로서 급격하게 증가하는 노인의 안전과 자립생활을 지원해주는 고령친화적인 환경 조성을 위한 구체적인 실천 지침이 세계 여러 나라에서 제시·적용되고 있다. 한국의 고령화는 OECD 국가 중 가장 빠른 증가 속도를 보이며 2025년 고령인구가 20%가 넘는 초고령사회를 진입을 앞두고 있어 고령자 주거복지정책에 대한 시급성이 요구되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 한국보다 앞서 고령화를 겪어온 해외 선진국의 최근 개발된 고령친화 주택 디자인 가이드라인의 주요 특성을 살펴보고 한국적 현실에 맞는 주거모델 개발을 위한 기초자료 제공에 목적이 있다. (연구방법) 최근 개발된 해외 고령친화 가이드라인의 내용분석 연구로서 이를 위해 미국(HomeFit Guide), 호주(Livable housing Design), 아일랜드(Universal Design Guidelines For Homes in Ireland)의 고령친화 주택 디자인 가이드라인을 대상으로 디자인 주요 특성을 비교·분석하였다. 이를 위해 WHO 고령친화도시 가이드라인 8대 분야 중 주거공간 지침에 해당하는 ‘housing checklist’를 분석 틀로 하였다. (결과) 분석결과 모든 국가는 Aging in place(AIP)의 실현을 위해 노인의 취약한 신체적 특성을 고려한 주택계획 요소는 물론 다양한 모든 사람이 생애주기 변화에 대응할 수 있는 지역 내 거주 가능한 주택(AIP)으로서의 시장가치(Affordability)를 중시하였다. 미국의 ‘HomeFit Guide’는 거주 노인의 입장에서 부담없이 기존 주택 개조 및 유지관리할 수 있는 측면에서 중점을 두었고, 호주의 ‘Livable housing Design Guidelines’와 아일랜드의 ‘Universal Design Guidelines for Homes in Ireland’는 신축 주택계획 및 시공 시 추후 거주자의 요구에 맞출 수 있는 개조의 용이성 측면에서 더 세심한 노력이 있었다. 특히 아일랜드의 경우 주택에 원격 의료 및 모니터링 기술을 도입하여 일상생활 및 돌발상황 관리 서비스가 가능하게 하였다. (결론) 고령친화 주택의 보편화와 주택개조 시장의 활성화를 위해 각 지역 특성을 고려한 접근과 노인 주거복지 관련 정부관계자, 정책담당자, 주택계획 전문가 및 노인을 대상으로 한 교육 프로그램의 필요성이 부각되었다. 또한 누구나 쉽게 접근하고 정보를 활용할 수 있는 플랫폼 지원으로 정보 교류 및 모니터링 등이 가능하게 함으로써 자발적 참여 증진의 중요성을 시사하였다.
(Background and Purpose) The global phenomenon of population aging has prompted numerous countries to adopt and implement specific practice guidelines, aiming to cultivate an age-friendly environment conducive to the safety and independent living of the burgeoning older adult population. Among OECD nations, South Korea stands out with the fastest-growing aging population, poised to transition into a super-aged society with a projected elderly population of over 20% by 2025. This demographic shift urgently necessitates the formulation of housing welfare policies tailored to the specific needs of older adults in Korea. Consequently, this study endeavors to scrutinize the key attributes of recently developed age-friendly housing design guidelines from advanced nations that have confronted the challenges of aging before Korea. The goal is to furnish foundational data for the creation of housing models aligned with the distinctive realities of the Korean context. (Method) Employing a content analysis approach, this study delves into recently formulated age-friendly guidelines from overseas. The focus extends to housing design guidelines from the United States (HomeFit Guide), Australia (Livable Housing Design), and Ireland (Universal Design Guidelines for Homes in Ireland). The primary design characteristics are subjected to a comparative analysis using the 'housing checklist,' aligned with the residential space guidelines among the eight areas outlined in the WHO Age-Friendly City Guidelines. (Results) The analysis reveals a consensus across nations on the imperative consideration of housing planning elements geared towards accommodating the vulnerable physical characteristics of older adults, emphasizing the concept of Aging in Place (AIP). Furthermore, the significance of habitable housing, responsive to changes in the life cycle, is underscored, with an added emphasis on market value, particularly affordability. The 'HomeFit Guide' from the United States places a premium on enabling older adults residents to remodel and maintain existing homes without undue burden. In contrast, Australia's 'Livable Housing Design Guidelines' and Ireland's 'Universal Design Guidelines for Homes in Ireland' exhibit a meticulous focus on facilitating ease of modification during the planning and construction of new housing. Notably, Ireland introduces remote medical and monitoring technology into homes, enhancing daily life and emergency management services. (Conclusions) To propagate senior-friendly housing on a universal scale and invigorate the housing renovation market, there is a pressing need for a nuanced approach that considers the distinctive characteristics of each region. An education program targeting government officials, policymakers, housing planning experts, and older adults, related to senior citizen housing welfare, is paramount. Additionally, promoting voluntary participation is highlighted, facilitated through information exchange and monitoring supported by an easily accessible platform.
(Background and Purpose) The global phenomenon of population aging has prompted numerous countries to adopt and implement specific practice guidelines, aiming to cultivate an age-friendly environment conducive to the safety and independent living of the burgeoning older adult population. Among OECD nations, South Korea stands out with the fastest-growing aging population, poised to transition into a super-aged society with a projected elderly population of over 20% by 2025. This demographic shift urgently necessitates the formulation of housing welfare policies tailored to the specific needs of older adults in Korea. Consequently, this study endeavors to scrutinize the key attributes of recently developed age-friendly housing design guidelines from advanced nations that have confronted the challenges of aging before Korea. The goal is to furnish foundational data for the creation of housing models aligned with the distinctive realities of the Korean context. (Method) Employing a content analysis approach, this study delves into recently formulated age-friendly guidelines from overseas. The focus extends to housing design guidelines from the United States (HomeFit Guide), Australia (Livable Housing Design), and Ireland (Universal Design Guidelines for Homes in Ireland). The primary design characteristics are subjected to a comparative analysis using the 'housing checklist,' aligned with the residential space guidelines among the eight areas outlined in the WHO Age-Friendly City Guidelines. (Results) The analysis reveals a consensus across nations on the imperative consideration of housing planning elements geared towards accommodating the vulnerable physical characteristics of older adults, emphasizing the concept of Aging in Place (AIP). Furthermore, the significance of habitable housing, responsive to changes in the life cycle, is underscored, with an added emphasis on market value, particularly affordability. The 'HomeFit Guide' from the United States places a premium on enabling older adults residents to remodel and maintain existing homes without undue burden. In contrast, Australia's 'Livable Housing Design Guidelines' and Ireland's 'Universal Design Guidelines for Homes in Ireland' exhibit a meticulous focus on facilitating ease of modification during the planning and construction of new housing. Notably, Ireland introduces remote medical and monitoring technology into homes, enhancing daily life and emergency management services. (Conclusions) To propagate senior-friendly housing on a universal scale and invigorate the housing renovation market, there is a pressing need for a nuanced approach that considers the distinctive characteristics of each region. An education program targeting government officials, policymakers, housing planning experts, and older adults, related to senior citizen housing welfare, is paramount. Additionally, promoting voluntary participation is highlighted, facilitated through information exchange and monitoring supported by an easily accessible platform.