학술논문
국제법상 중개를 통한 분쟁의 해결 ― 이스라엘-레바논 해양분쟁을 중심으로 ―
Resolving disputes through arbitration under international law ― Focus on the Israel-Lebanon Maritime Dispute ―
Resolving disputes through arbitration under international law ― Focus on the Israel-Lebanon Maritime Dispute ―
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
법학연구 / THE YONSEI LAW REVIEW. Mar 31, 2024 34(1):765
Subject
Language
Korean
ISSN
1226-8879
Abstract
이 연구는 2022년 10월 28일에 체결된 이스라엘-레바논 해양경계협정의 검토 및 분석을 목적으로 설정하였다. 먼저, 이 협정 체결과정에서 적용된 분쟁해결 방식인중개(mediation)의 개념을 국제법적으로 규명함으로써, 그 함의와 효과를 재조명하였다. 중개가 시작되면 분쟁 당사자를 제외한 제3자인 개인, 국가, 국제기구, 지역기구, 비정부기구(NGOs)등이 중개자가 될 수 있다. 이스라엘-레바논 분쟁은 과거 대부분의 중개와 같이 국가의 대리인을 중개자로 임명하였다. 다음으로, 이스라엘-레바논 분쟁에서 두 번째 중개자로 임명된 미국의 아모스 호치스틴의 중개 결과 해양경계협정이 체결되었다는 점을 고려하여, 이 협정 체결의 함의를 살펴보았다. 이스라엘-레바논 분쟁은 적대적인 관계를 유지하였던 이스라엘과 레바논이 중개방식을 활용하여 해양경계를 설정하고 양 분쟁 당사자들이 경제적 실리를 취했다는 점에서 다른 분쟁에 중개의 장점을 적용할 가능성을 열어주었다고 평가할 수 있다. 최근 해양분쟁이 주로 중재나 국제해양법재판소와 같은 법적 해결 방식을 중심으로 논의되었다는 점을 고려하면, 이스라엘-레바논 간 해양분쟁은 비교적 논의가 활발하지 않았던 외교적 분쟁해결 방식으로서 중개의 효과와 함의에 주목하는 계기가 될 것이다. 다만, 이스라엘 레바논 분쟁해결의 결과로서 체결된 협정의 이행이 향후 과제로 남아있다.
This study reviews and analyzes the Israel-Lebanon Maritime Boundary Agreement, signed on October 28, 2022. First, the concept of mediation, the dispute settlement method applied in the signing process of the Agreement, is defined in international law in order to re-examine its implications and effects. Once mediation begins, the mediator can be an individual, a state, an international organization, a regional organization, or a non-governmental organization (NGO). In the case of the Israeli-Lebanese conflict, as in most prior cases, a state agent was pointed as the mediator. Next, the study examines the implications of the Agreement, given that it resulted from the mediation efforts of Amos Hochste in of the United States, the second mediator in the Israeli-Lebanese conflict. The Israeli-Lebanese dispute opened up the possibility of applying the benefits of mediation to other disputes in that Israel and Lebanon, which had been hostile to each other, used mediation to delimit their maritime boundaries to both parties’ benefit. Considering that discussions of recent maritime disputes have primarily addressed legal solutions such as arbitration and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the resolution of the Israel-Lebanon maritime dispute is an opportunity to focus on the effectiveness and implications of mediation, a less-discussed diplomatic dispute resolution method. However, the implementation of the agreements reached as a result of the Israeli-Lebanese conflict will be a challenge in the future.
This study reviews and analyzes the Israel-Lebanon Maritime Boundary Agreement, signed on October 28, 2022. First, the concept of mediation, the dispute settlement method applied in the signing process of the Agreement, is defined in international law in order to re-examine its implications and effects. Once mediation begins, the mediator can be an individual, a state, an international organization, a regional organization, or a non-governmental organization (NGO). In the case of the Israeli-Lebanese conflict, as in most prior cases, a state agent was pointed as the mediator. Next, the study examines the implications of the Agreement, given that it resulted from the mediation efforts of Amos Hochste in of the United States, the second mediator in the Israeli-Lebanese conflict. The Israeli-Lebanese dispute opened up the possibility of applying the benefits of mediation to other disputes in that Israel and Lebanon, which had been hostile to each other, used mediation to delimit their maritime boundaries to both parties’ benefit. Considering that discussions of recent maritime disputes have primarily addressed legal solutions such as arbitration and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the resolution of the Israel-Lebanon maritime dispute is an opportunity to focus on the effectiveness and implications of mediation, a less-discussed diplomatic dispute resolution method. However, the implementation of the agreements reached as a result of the Israeli-Lebanese conflict will be a challenge in the future.