학술논문
간호대학생의 임상실습 중 성희롱 경험이 간호전문직관 및 외상 후 스트레스에 미치는 영향 / Nursing students' sexual harassment experience in clinical practicum and its association with nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress
Document Type
Dissertation/ Thesis
Author
Source
Subject
Language
Korean
Abstract
본 연구는 간호대학생들이 임상실습 중 경험하는 성희롱과 간호전문직관 및 외상 후 스트레스의 정도에 차이가 있는지를 확인하며, 이와 관련이 있는 요인을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 서울, 대전, 원주, 그리고 대구 지역의 간호대학을 위주로 4학년 재학생을 편의표집하여 이들을 대상으로 온라인 및 모바일 설문조사를 실시하였고, IBM SPSS statistics 25.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, Pearson correlation, 독립표본 T검정, 일원배치 분산분석 및 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다.1. 연구 대상자는 여학생이 178명(93.7%)으로 대부분이었고, 평균 나이는 22.29(±1.69)세였다. 간호학 전공에 대하여 절반 이상이 만족(61.6%)하였으나, 임상실습에 대해서는 전공보다 낮은 만족도(만족 41.0%, 보통 31.6%)를 보였다. 임상실습 전 학교에서 성희롱 관련 교육을 제공 받은 대상자가 115명으로 절반 이상(60.5%)을 차지하였고, 이러한 교육의 충분성에 대하여 98명(51.6%)이 부족하다고 답하였다. 대상자의 성희롱 인식은 33~165점의 점수 범위 내에서 평균 138.83(±13.73)점으로 나타나 중등도 이상의 인식 수준을 보였으며, 간호전문직관은 17~85점 범위 내에서 평균 61.23(±9.09)점으로 이 역시 중등도 이상의 수준으로 확인되었다. 임상실습 중 간접적 혹은 직접적 성희롱 경험이 있는 경우가 124명(65.3%), 없는 경우가 66명(34.7%)이었고, 이 중 직접 경험이 있는 경우는 88명(46.3%)이었다. 외상 후 스트레스는 직·간접적으로 성희롱 경험이 있다고 답한 응답자만을 대상으로 할 때 0~88점 범위 내에서 평균 6.08(±9.99)점으로 낮은 수준이었으나, (부분)PTSD로 정의할 수 있는 집단의 비율은 7.26%였다. 2. 성희롱 인식과 간호전문직관은 약한 수준의 정적 상관관계(r=0.300, p=.000)를 보였고. 성희롱 경험이 있는 응답자만을 대상으로 하였을 때 간호전문직관과 외상 후 스트레스는 약한 수준의 부적 상관관계(r=-0.225, p=.012) 를 보였다.3. 대상자의 성희롱 경험 유무에 따라 간호전문직관과 외상 후 스트레스 점수에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 기타 성희롱을 직접 경험한 경우(126.20±48.43)가 경험하지 않은 경우(142.00±11.31)보다 통계적으로 유의하게 성희롱 인식 점수가 낮았다. 4. 간호전문직관에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인된 요인은 성희롱 인식(β=0.340, p=.000), 전공 만족도(β=0.165, p=.025), 임상실습 만족도(β=0.283, p=.000)로 나타났다.5. 외상 후 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인된 요인은 임상실습 만족도(β=-0.318, p=.003)와 임상실습 전 성희롱 경험(있음)(β=-0.193, p=.031)으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 통해 간호대학생의 성희롱 인식과 경험, 간호전문직관, 외상 후 스트레스 정도를 파악하였고, 간호대학생의 간호전문직관과 외상 후 스트레스에 관련이 있는 요인을 확인하였다. 간호전문직관과 외상 후 스트레스는 성희롱 경험 자체보다는 간호학 전공이나 실습에 대한 만족도 등과 밀접한 관련이 있으며, 간호전문직관과 외상 후 스트레스 간에도 부적 상관관계가 있음이 확인되었다. 따라서 성희롱을 예방하기 위한 대책 뿐 아니라 전공과 실습에 대한 만족도를 향상시켜 간호전문직관을 높이고 외상 후 스트레스를 완화하기 위한 방안이 마련되어야 한다.
Nursing students have been reported to be a vulnerable group to sexual harrassment in prior studies. However, only direct experiences have been assessed and there is a lack of research looking into how such experiences are associated with nursing professionalism. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of sexual harassment perception, sexual harassment experiences during clinical practicum(both direct and indirect), nursing professionalism, and post-traumatic stress of nursing students, and to identify their association. Fourth-year nursing students were invited to voluntarily participate in an online/mobile survey, with advertising flyers distributed in nursing schools in Seoul, Daejeon, Wonju, and Daegu. A total of 190 responses were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 25.0 statistics program. The main findings are as follows.1. Most of the respondents were female students (93.7%) and the average age was 22.29 (±1.69). More than half of the respondents answered that they were satisfied (61.6%) with the nursing major, but the students were less satisfied (41.0% satisfied, 31.6% moderate) with clinical practicum. 60.5% of the respondents received sexual harassment-related education in schools prior to clinical practicum, but 51.6% reported such education was not sufficient. Both perception of sexual harassment (mean 138.83±13.73 out of a possible score of 33-165 points), and nursing professionalism (mean 61.23±9.09 out of a possible score of 17-85), showed moderate-to-high levels. During clinical practicum 65.3% (n=124) had experienced sexual harassment directly or indirectly, including 46.3% with direct experiences (n=88). A large proportion of students (108 out of 124) did not report the incidence to school authorities. Although post-traumatic stress level was very low at an average of 6.08 (±9.99) out of a possible 88 points, 7.26% were identified as partial PTSD (scores of 18-24; 1.61%) or PTSD (>25; 5.65%).2. Perception of sexual harassment and nursing professionalism showed a statistically significant positive weak correlation (r=0.300, p=.000). Nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress showed statistically significant weak levels of negative correlation (r=-0.225; p=.012) when only the data of the 124 with sexual harassment experience were analyzed.3. There was no statistically significant difference between nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress depending on the participant's experience with sexual harassment. However, perception of sexual harassment of those who experienced 'other types' of sexual harassment directly (126.20±48.43) was lower(p=.034) than the ones who had no experience of it (142.00±11.31). 4. Factors identified to affect nursing professionalism were perception of sexual harassment (β=0.340, p=.000), satisfaction with nursing major (β=0.165, p=0.025), and satisfaction with clinical practicum (β=0.283, p=.000), which explained 26.3% of the variance in nursing professionalism.5. Factors identified to affect post-traumatic stress were satisfaction with clinical practicum (β=-0.318, p=.003) and having experienced sexual harassment before clinical practicum (β=-0.193, p=.031), which explained 17.6% of the variance.This study found that nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress were related to satisfaction with nursing major or clinical practicum, rather than sexual harassment experience itself. Also, a negative correlation between nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress was identified. These findings suggest that measures to enhance nursing professionalism by improving satisfaction with nursing major and clinical practicum would be beneficial, as well as plans to prevent sexual harassment in practicum itself.
Nursing students have been reported to be a vulnerable group to sexual harrassment in prior studies. However, only direct experiences have been assessed and there is a lack of research looking into how such experiences are associated with nursing professionalism. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of sexual harassment perception, sexual harassment experiences during clinical practicum(both direct and indirect), nursing professionalism, and post-traumatic stress of nursing students, and to identify their association. Fourth-year nursing students were invited to voluntarily participate in an online/mobile survey, with advertising flyers distributed in nursing schools in Seoul, Daejeon, Wonju, and Daegu. A total of 190 responses were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 25.0 statistics program. The main findings are as follows.1. Most of the respondents were female students (93.7%) and the average age was 22.29 (±1.69). More than half of the respondents answered that they were satisfied (61.6%) with the nursing major, but the students were less satisfied (41.0% satisfied, 31.6% moderate) with clinical practicum. 60.5% of the respondents received sexual harassment-related education in schools prior to clinical practicum, but 51.6% reported such education was not sufficient. Both perception of sexual harassment (mean 138.83±13.73 out of a possible score of 33-165 points), and nursing professionalism (mean 61.23±9.09 out of a possible score of 17-85), showed moderate-to-high levels. During clinical practicum 65.3% (n=124) had experienced sexual harassment directly or indirectly, including 46.3% with direct experiences (n=88). A large proportion of students (108 out of 124) did not report the incidence to school authorities. Although post-traumatic stress level was very low at an average of 6.08 (±9.99) out of a possible 88 points, 7.26% were identified as partial PTSD (scores of 18-24; 1.61%) or PTSD (>25; 5.65%).2. Perception of sexual harassment and nursing professionalism showed a statistically significant positive weak correlation (r=0.300, p=.000). Nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress showed statistically significant weak levels of negative correlation (r=-0.225; p=.012) when only the data of the 124 with sexual harassment experience were analyzed.3. There was no statistically significant difference between nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress depending on the participant's experience with sexual harassment. However, perception of sexual harassment of those who experienced 'other types' of sexual harassment directly (126.20±48.43) was lower(p=.034) than the ones who had no experience of it (142.00±11.31). 4. Factors identified to affect nursing professionalism were perception of sexual harassment (β=0.340, p=.000), satisfaction with nursing major (β=0.165, p=0.025), and satisfaction with clinical practicum (β=0.283, p=.000), which explained 26.3% of the variance in nursing professionalism.5. Factors identified to affect post-traumatic stress were satisfaction with clinical practicum (β=-0.318, p=.003) and having experienced sexual harassment before clinical practicum (β=-0.193, p=.031), which explained 17.6% of the variance.This study found that nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress were related to satisfaction with nursing major or clinical practicum, rather than sexual harassment experience itself. Also, a negative correlation between nursing professionalism and post-traumatic stress was identified. These findings suggest that measures to enhance nursing professionalism by improving satisfaction with nursing major and clinical practicum would be beneficial, as well as plans to prevent sexual harassment in practicum itself.