학술논문
전기자동차의 속성별 가치 추정에 관한 연구 / A Study on Estimating Willingness to Pay for Attributes of Electric Vehicles
Document Type
Dissertation/ Thesis
Author
Source
Subject
Language
Korean
Abstract
본 연구의 목적은 현재의 전기자동차 기술 수준과 시장 여건 하에서 소비자들이 전기자동차를 얼마나 선호하는지, 전기자동차를 구성하는 주요 속성에 어느 정도의 화폐 가치를 부여할 것인지를 분석하는데 있다. 이와 함께 가구 소득 등 소비자의 특성 차이가 전기자동차에 부여하는 가치에 영향을 미치는지, 소비자들이 전기자동차를 선택하게 하려면 차량 가격은 어느 정도 수준이 되어야 하는지를 평가하는 것도 주요 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구는 컨조인트법 설문조사와 이산선택모형을 분석 방법으로 사용하였다. 자동차의 주요 속성(동력원 종류, 연비, 주유(충전)시간, 차량가격, 이산화탄소 배출 등)에 대한 소비자들의 추가 지불의사액(Willingness to Pay)을 유도함으로써 전기자동차에 대한 소비자들의 가치를 추정하였다. 만약 전기자동차가 사회적으로 순편익을 발생시키는 재화라는 것이 입증되고, 충전인프라 확충이 이루어진 상황이 된다면, 본 연구의 결과 및 접근 방식은 전기자동차의 초기시장 창출을 위한 정부의 보조금 정책을 평가하는데 활용될 수 있다.
This study aimed at evaluating the value for attributes of electric vehicles and analyzing the market acceptance of them. Therefore, this study estimated Willing to Pay (WTP) of consumers for the main attributes such as power source, fuel economy and refueling (charging) time by using conjoint method and a discrete choice model. As a result of analysis, respondents preferred hybrid electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and battery electric vehicle to conventional vehicles having internal-combustion engines only. While consumers preferred the vehicles with high fuel economy, their preference for electric vehicles decreased as refueling (charging) time grew, CO2 emissions increased, and the annual vehicle tax rose among the attributes of vehicles. This study estimated the monetary value of consumers for the representative model of vehicles by using the estimated results of WTP by vehicle attribute and comparing the estimation with that of the conventional gasoline vehicle. 'K-5 2.0 MPI' was selected as a conventional gasoline vehicle. 'K-5 Hybrid' was selected as a hybrid vehicle, 'Volt' of Chevrolet as a plug-in hybrid vehicle, 'Leaf' of Nissan as an battery electric vehicle. As a result of the analysis, the monetary value of 'K-5 Hybrid' against the standard vehicle was estimated as 5.1million won. If the battery is charged within 30 minutes, the relative value of 'Chevrolet Volt' and 'Nissan leaf' against the standard vehicle would be estimated as 27.9million won and 38.6million won, respectively. As the battery charging time increases, the value of these vehicles would decline. In addition, this study evaluated the effectiveness of Korea's tax incentive for electric vehicles by using the estimated monetary value of electric vehicle by model. As a result, the tax incentive for hybrid vehicles needs to be abolished or reduced gradually.
This study aimed at evaluating the value for attributes of electric vehicles and analyzing the market acceptance of them. Therefore, this study estimated Willing to Pay (WTP) of consumers for the main attributes such as power source, fuel economy and refueling (charging) time by using conjoint method and a discrete choice model. As a result of analysis, respondents preferred hybrid electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and battery electric vehicle to conventional vehicles having internal-combustion engines only. While consumers preferred the vehicles with high fuel economy, their preference for electric vehicles decreased as refueling (charging) time grew, CO2 emissions increased, and the annual vehicle tax rose among the attributes of vehicles. This study estimated the monetary value of consumers for the representative model of vehicles by using the estimated results of WTP by vehicle attribute and comparing the estimation with that of the conventional gasoline vehicle. 'K-5 2.0 MPI' was selected as a conventional gasoline vehicle. 'K-5 Hybrid' was selected as a hybrid vehicle, 'Volt' of Chevrolet as a plug-in hybrid vehicle, 'Leaf' of Nissan as an battery electric vehicle. As a result of the analysis, the monetary value of 'K-5 Hybrid' against the standard vehicle was estimated as 5.1million won. If the battery is charged within 30 minutes, the relative value of 'Chevrolet Volt' and 'Nissan leaf' against the standard vehicle would be estimated as 27.9million won and 38.6million won, respectively. As the battery charging time increases, the value of these vehicles would decline. In addition, this study evaluated the effectiveness of Korea's tax incentive for electric vehicles by using the estimated monetary value of electric vehicle by model. As a result, the tax incentive for hybrid vehicles needs to be abolished or reduced gradually.