학술논문
한국 성인의 다환방향족 탄화수소 노출량 평가 및 대사증후군과의 연관성 연구 / Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Association with Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults
Document Type
Dissertation/ Thesis
Author
Source
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
일반 인구집단의 경우 다환방향족 탄화수소 (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) 경구 섭취가 주요 인체노출경로로, 저농도의 PAHs에 대한 만성적 노출이 지질 및 당대사에 영향을 주는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 한국 국민의 PAHs에 대한 노출평가 및 한국 성인의 식품을 통한 PAHs 섭취량과 대사증후군 (metabolic syndrome, MetS)와 각 구성 요소들의 관련성을 확인하는 것이다. 본 연구는 2013-2018년 국민건강영양조사 참여자 총 16,015명의 데이터를 사용하였다. 개인별 식품섭취량 자료와 제1기 총식이조사 (TDS) PAHs 분석 결과 데이터를 연계하여 개인별 PAHs 섭취량을 추정하였다. 대사증후군은 NCEP ATPⅢ기준에 따라 정의하였다. PAHs과 MetS의 연관성을 분석하기 위해 다항 로지스틱 회귀 모형을 사용하여 Odds ratio (OR) 및 95% 신뢰 구간 (CI)을 산출하였다. 분석 결과, PAHs는 육류 및 가공품에서 노출량이 높다. 대상자 매일 PAHs 평균 노출령 분포는 0.104-4.327 ng/kg b.w/day이다. PAHs 섭취량 3분위에 따른 MetS 유병위험도는 남성의 경우, T1보다 T3에서 유의하게 높았다 (OR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.03-1.63). 남성에서 total PAHs 섭취량이 높은 그룹(T3)에서 고혈압 유병 위험도가 1.37배 (95% CI: 1.08-1.75) 높았다. 또한 Benzo(a)pyrene 섭취량이 높은 그룹에서 고중성지방혈증, 고혈압, 고혈당 유병위험도가 38%, 27%, 42%로 유의하게 높았다. 저HDL콜레스테롤혈증 유병위험도는 Chrysene과 Benzo(ghi)perylene 섭취량이 높은 그룹에서 1.27배, 1.26배 높았다. 여성의 경우 Chrysene 섭취량이 높았을 때, 저HDL콜레스테롤혈증 유병위험도가 1.24배 높았다. 남성의 흡연 상태에 따른 층화 분석을 실시하였을 때, 비흡연자에 비해 흡연자의 경우 PAHs 섭취량 증가에 따라, MetS 유병위험도가 높았다. 본 연구에서 식품을 통한 PAHs 섭취량 수준이 증가하면, MetS 및 MetS components의 유병위험도가 증가하였고, 남성의 경우 흡연자의 경우, 식품을 통한 PHAs에 고노출 되었을 경우, MetS 위험도가 더 증가하였다. 결론적으로, 본 연구는 PAHs가 한국 성인에서 대사증후군과의 관련성을 있음을 시사하고, 특히 흡연이 남성에서 PAH 노출과 대사증후군 사이의 연관성에 영향을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연국 결과는 한국 성인이 PAHs 노출량이 높은 식품을 포함한 음식을 줄이기 위해서 공중 보건 조언을 제공할 수 있다.
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a kind of widespread environmental pollutant, can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by triggering metabolic imbalance in the human body. The aim of the this study was to evaluate the exposure to dietary intake of PAHs and to identify the association between dietary PAHs exposure and MetS in Korean adults using data from the Korean Total Diet Study (TDS) and the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 16,015 participants were included from KNHANES VI and VII. The MetS was defined by the Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ criteria from the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP Ⅲ). Survey multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between PAHs and MetS. The results showed that dietary PAHs exposure was high in the meat and meat products food group. Distribution of mean daily exposure per unit body weight of participants was 0.104-4.327 ng/kg b.w/day. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) exposure was associated with a higher risk of MetS in men (OR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.03-1.63; p = 0.0172). Among men, high total PAHs exposure significantly increased the risk of high blood pressure compared to low total PAHs exposure (95% CI: 1.08-1.75 p = 0.0098). In addition, the risk of high triglycerides, hypertension, and hyperglycemia was increased by 38%, 27%, and 42%, respectively, in the high BaP exposure group compared to the low exposure group. The risk of low HDL-c was 1.27 and 1.26 times higher in the group with high exposure of chrysene (Chry) and benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP) compared to the low exposure group. While in women, only Chry and low HDL-c were positively associated (OR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.03-1.48 p = 0.0172). When stratified by smoking status in men, the risk of MetS prevalence was higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. This study provides evidence that PAHs are associated with the risk of MetS and its components in Korean adults. In particular, smoking may influence the association between PAHs exposure and MetS in men. The results of this study may provide public health suggestions for Korean adults to reduce their diet of foods that may contain high levels of PAHs.
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a kind of widespread environmental pollutant, can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by triggering metabolic imbalance in the human body. The aim of the this study was to evaluate the exposure to dietary intake of PAHs and to identify the association between dietary PAHs exposure and MetS in Korean adults using data from the Korean Total Diet Study (TDS) and the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 16,015 participants were included from KNHANES VI and VII. The MetS was defined by the Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ criteria from the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP Ⅲ). Survey multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between PAHs and MetS. The results showed that dietary PAHs exposure was high in the meat and meat products food group. Distribution of mean daily exposure per unit body weight of participants was 0.104-4.327 ng/kg b.w/day. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) exposure was associated with a higher risk of MetS in men (OR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.03-1.63; p = 0.0172). Among men, high total PAHs exposure significantly increased the risk of high blood pressure compared to low total PAHs exposure (95% CI: 1.08-1.75 p = 0.0098). In addition, the risk of high triglycerides, hypertension, and hyperglycemia was increased by 38%, 27%, and 42%, respectively, in the high BaP exposure group compared to the low exposure group. The risk of low HDL-c was 1.27 and 1.26 times higher in the group with high exposure of chrysene (Chry) and benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP) compared to the low exposure group. While in women, only Chry and low HDL-c were positively associated (OR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.03-1.48 p = 0.0172). When stratified by smoking status in men, the risk of MetS prevalence was higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. This study provides evidence that PAHs are associated with the risk of MetS and its components in Korean adults. In particular, smoking may influence the association between PAHs exposure and MetS in men. The results of this study may provide public health suggestions for Korean adults to reduce their diet of foods that may contain high levels of PAHs.