학술논문
자료포락분석을 이용한 청주시 버스노선 효율성 분석: 주말 및 감축운행을 중심으로
Efficiency Analysis for Cheongju City Bus Route using DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)
Efficiency Analysis for Cheongju City Bus Route using DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)
Document Type
Article
Source
교통연구, 31(1), 92, pp.51-65 Mar, 2024
Subject
Language
한국어
ISSN
2713-7090
1738-4028
1738-4028
Abstract
청주시는 2021년 전국 기초지자체 중 최초로 버스 준공영제를 실시하였으나, 이에 따른 재정지출이 매년 급증하고 있어 버스운영의 효율성 제고 방안이 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구는 청주시에서 운행되고 있는 버스노선의 효율성을 분석하였으며 그동안 기존 연구에서 이루어지지 않았던 평일과 주말에 대한 효율성 비교와 주말 감축운행이 이루어지고 있는 노선들에 대한 효율성 분석이 수행되었다. 분석을 위해 청주시 내부자료와 BIS자료를 토대로 55개의 노선을 선정하여 3개 그룹으로 구분후 DEA(Data Envenlopment Analysis)를 수행하였으며 토빗(Tobit) 회귀분석으로 버스노선의 효율성에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 탐색하였다. 분석 결과, 청주시 버스노선의 그룹별 효율성은 좌석급행 노선이 가장 높았으며 외곽은 좌석급행 대비 평일 77.9%, 주말 75.1% 수준을, 시내순환은 좌석급행 대비 평일 67.6%, 주말 61.9% 수준을 나타냈다. 또한, 평일 대비 주말 효율성은 노선 전체적으로 14.1% 낮게 나타났으며 그룹별로는 좌석급행 11.0%, 외곽 14.3%, 시내순환 18.6% 낮았다. 그리고 주말 감축운행이 이루어지고 있는 21개 노선 중 19개 노선에서 감축운행으로 효율성이 향상되었으며 이는 시내순환 9.0%, 외곽 12.6%로 나타났다. 마지막으로 토빗 회귀분석을 통한 효율성의 영향 요인들은 운행횟수, 운행거리, 정류장수, 굴곡도 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 청주시 버스운영의 효율성 제고 등 재정부담 완화정책 마련에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Cheongju-si implemented the bus semi-public system for the first time among basic local governments in 2021, However, as fiscal expenditures are increasing rapidly every year, it is time to improve the efficiency of bus operations. Therefore, this study analyzed the efficiency of bus routes operating in Cheongju-si, weekdays and weekends, which yet to be known in previous studies, and the efficiency analysis of routes with weekend reduction operations. For the analysis, 55 routes were selected based on Cheongju-si's internal and BIS data. And a DEA (Data Environment Analysis) was performed after dividing them into three groups, and factors affecting the efficiency of bus routes were explored through Tobit regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, the efficiency of Cheongju-si bus routes by the group was the highest in the arterial express line, 77.9% on weekdays and 75.1% on weekends compared to the arterial expression, and 67.6% on weekdays and 61.9% on weekends. In addition, weekend efficiency compared to weekdays was 14.1% lower overall on the route, and by group, the arterial expression was 11.0%, the outer 14.3%, and the city circulation was 18.6%. Furthermore, the efficiency of the reduction operation improved on 19 of the 21 routes where weekend reduction operations were taking place, which was 9.0% of the city cycle and 12.6% of the outskirts. Finally, the factors influencing efficiency through Tobit regression analysis were found in the order of number of operations, distance and busstop, curvature. These results are expected to contribute to preparing policies to ease the financial burden, such as improving the efficiency of bus operation in Cheongju in the future.
Cheongju-si implemented the bus semi-public system for the first time among basic local governments in 2021, However, as fiscal expenditures are increasing rapidly every year, it is time to improve the efficiency of bus operations. Therefore, this study analyzed the efficiency of bus routes operating in Cheongju-si, weekdays and weekends, which yet to be known in previous studies, and the efficiency analysis of routes with weekend reduction operations. For the analysis, 55 routes were selected based on Cheongju-si's internal and BIS data. And a DEA (Data Environment Analysis) was performed after dividing them into three groups, and factors affecting the efficiency of bus routes were explored through Tobit regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, the efficiency of Cheongju-si bus routes by the group was the highest in the arterial express line, 77.9% on weekdays and 75.1% on weekends compared to the arterial expression, and 67.6% on weekdays and 61.9% on weekends. In addition, weekend efficiency compared to weekdays was 14.1% lower overall on the route, and by group, the arterial expression was 11.0%, the outer 14.3%, and the city circulation was 18.6%. Furthermore, the efficiency of the reduction operation improved on 19 of the 21 routes where weekend reduction operations were taking place, which was 9.0% of the city cycle and 12.6% of the outskirts. Finally, the factors influencing efficiency through Tobit regression analysis were found in the order of number of operations, distance and busstop, curvature. These results are expected to contribute to preparing policies to ease the financial burden, such as improving the efficiency of bus operation in Cheongju in the future.