부산대학교 도서관

The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate an online real time off-ice training program (OOTP) leading to the basic figure skating motions, and maintaining and improving motivation for adult novice skaters. In addition, the impact of image-based extrinsic feedback on OOTP was also investigated. Twenty-two novice figure skaters were divided into two groups (without / with feedback group). OOTP mainly consisted of skill training in basic figure skating imitation motions (BFSIMs : squat, spiral and skating IM) instructed by an expert once a week for four weeks. Video data of BFSIMs were obtained before and after OOTP. Angle α (between horizontal line and thigh segment), angle β (between horizontal line and thigh segment of lifted leg), angle γ (Complementary angle between thigh and shank segment of support leg) and angle δ (between vertical line and shank segment of support leg) were determined in squat, spiral and skating imitation motions, respectively. Also, Questionnaire survey was carried out after OOTP for both groups. Angle α after OOTP (Pre) tended to be smaller than that before OOTP (Post). Angles β and γ of Post were significantly large and small (p=0.008, p<0.001) relative to those of Pre, respectively. Angle δ showed a tendency to increase after OOTP in both groups. For angles α, β and γ, the differences between Pre and Post were significantly negative correlated with the initial skill levels calculated by T-scores. A two-way ANOVA for the angle in each BFSIM showed no interaction between the two groups. These results suggests that although OOTP was effective to improve the skills of BFSIMs, there was no additional impact of the feedback on those of BFSMs. On the other hand, the results of the questionnaire survey indicated that the feedback was highly evaluated in terms of improving the skills of BFSIMs and maintaining and improving motivation.