부산대학교 도서관

The Committee for Lung Cancer Screening of the Japan Lung Cancer Society revised the "Lung Cancer Screening Guidelines" in 2022. We herein report the background and outline of this revision. The "Recommendation" concerning "Current population-based lung cancer screening in Japan" remains the same as in the 2010 Guidelines. Nationwide quality control and evaluations of the contribution of the effect to the reduction in lung cancer mortality as well as sensitivity and specificity are required. Evidence that low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for heavy smokers is effective at reducing lung cancer mortality has been obtained in Europe and the United States. However, the associated disadvantages cannot be ignored, including the risk of false positives, overdiagnosis, and radiation exposure. To avoid the potential chaos that might be caused by the careless introduction of CT screening into Japanese society, appropriate "implementation research" should be conducted. However, there is currently insufficient evidence concerning the efficacy of low-dose CT screening for non-/light smokers, so it is of primary importance to accumulate such evidence.