부산대학교 도서관

Keywords Biomarker; E-cigarette; Tobacco; Cotinine; TSNAs; Glycerol; Propanediols Highlights * Cotinine was significantly higher among nicotine consumers, no matter the source. * TSNAs were generally significantly lower in non-smokers. * Cotinine and TSNAs was higher in e-cig users without nicotine than in non-smoker. Abstract Introduction This study aims to address the existing gap in the literature, while adding evidence, by comparing tobacco-specific biomarkers (cotinine and nitrosamines: NNK, NNAL, NNN), and other biomarkers of e-cigarette use (humectants: glycerol, 1,2-PD, 1,3-PD) according to five study groups. Methods A pooling analysis including two different studies was conducted. In both analyses, we took saliva samples from smokers (n = 409) and non-smokers (n = 154), dual tobacco and e-cig users (n = 92), exclusive e-cig user with nicotine (n = 158), and exclusive e-cig users without nicotine (n = 38). We analyzed and compared the geometric means (GM) and geometric standard deviations (GSD) of the concentration of tobacco-specific biomarkers, and e-cigarette biomarkers among groups. We used log-linear models adjusted for sex and age to model the change percentage and their 95% confidence intervals. Results Cotinine was significantly higher in nicotine consumers and in e-cigarette users without nicotine when compared to non-smokers. TSNAs were generally significantly lower in non-smokers and higher in nicotine consumers. NNN and NNAL were lower in e-cigarette users with nicotine comparted to smokers, and NNN was higher in e-cigarette users without nicotine when compared to non-smokers. No differences were found in humectant biomarkers between e-cigarette groups. Conclusions Although there was a reduction in TSNAs in e-cigarette exclusive users compared to smokers, and a reduction of cotinine concentrations in e-cigarette exclusive users without nicotine compared to smokers, there are still high levels of these biomarkers when compared to non-smokers, which may be a clue towards the harmful effect of e-cigarettes. Author Affiliation: (a) Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain (b) Group of Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neurosciences Programme, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (c) Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (d) Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences - Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (e) Tobacco Control Research Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Programme, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (f) Department of Public Health, Mental Health, and Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences - Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (g) Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (h) Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (i) Group of Perinatal Epidemiology, Environmental Health, and Clinical Research, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain (j) Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain * Corresponding author at: Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Departament de Ciències Bàsiques, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Carrer de Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain. Article History: Received 5 September 2022; Revised 19 December 2022; Accepted 6 January 2023 (footnote)1 Equally contribution. (footnote)2 Equally last author. Byline: Juan Luis Melero-Ollonarte (a,1), Cristina Lidón-Moyano [clidon@uic.es] (a,*,1), Raúl Perez-Ortuño (b), Marcela Fu (c,e,f,g), Montse Ballbè (c,e,g,h), Juan Carlos Martín-Sánchez (a), Adrián González-Marrón (a), Àurea Cartanyà-Hueso (a,i), José A. Pascual (b,j,2), Esteve Fernández (d,e,f,g,2), Jose M. Martínez-Sánchez (a,c,e,2)