학술논문
Elite Road vs. Trail Runners: Comparing Economy, Biomechanics, Strength, and Power
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. January 1, 2023, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p181, 6 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1064-8011
Abstract
Byline: Frederic Sabater Pastor, Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, Saint-Etienne, France; Thibault Besson; Marilyne Berthet; Giorgio Varesco; Djahid Kennouche; Pierre-Eddy Dandrieux; Jeremy Rossi; Guillaume Y. Millet Abstract Sabater Pastor, FS, Besson, T, Berthet, M, Varesco, G, Kennouche, D, Dandrieux, P-E, Rossi, J, and Millet, GY. Elite road vs. trail runners: comparing economy, biomechanics, strength, and power. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 181-186, 2023--The purpose of this study was to determine the differences between road (ROAD) vs. trail (TRAIL) elite runners in terms of force-velocity profile (FVP), running biomechanics, lower-limb maximal isometric strength, cost of running (Cr), and training. Seventeen male elite athletes (10 TRAIL and 7 ROAD) participated in this study. Force-velocity profile was measured using a 2-sprint test on a cycle ergometer. Strength was assessed with a dynamometer measuring isometric maximum voluntary torque of the knee extensors and knee flexors. Biomechanics parameters (running kinematics and stiffness) were measured, and Cr was calculated at 10 and 14 kmøh-1 at 0% slope and at 10 kmøh-1 on a 10% slope on a treadmill. Athletes also reported their training duration during the previous year. Theoretical maximal torque (F0) and maximal power (Pmax) in the FVP were higher for TRAIL vs. ROAD (122 Ø 13 vs. 99 Ø 7 Nøm, p = 0.001; and 726 Ø 89 vs. 626 Ø 44 W; p = 0.016). Cost of running was higher for TRAIL compared with ROAD on flat at 14 kmøh-1 (4.32 Ø 0.22 vs. 4.06 Ø 0.29 Jøkg-1øm-1; p = 0.047) but similar at 10 kmøh-1 and uphill. No differences were found in maximal isometric strength or running biomechanics. ROAD spent 81% more time training than TRAIL (p = 0.0003). The specific training (i.e., 'natural' resistance training) performed during graded running in trail runners and training on level surface at high speed may explain our results. Alternatively, it is possible that trail running selects stronger athletes because of the greater strength requirements of graded running.