학술논문
Multicenter Analysis of Cardiometabolic-related Diagnoses in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth: A PEDSnet Study
Clinical Research Article
Clinical Research Article
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. October 2022, Vol. 107 Issue 10, pe4004, 11 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0021-972X
Abstract
Transgender individuals are individuals whose gender identity differs from their sex designated at birth, and 1.8% of adolescents in the United States identify as transgender (1). Transgender individuals seeking care [...]
Context: Studies on cardiometabolic health in transgender and gender-diverse youth (TGDY) are limited to small cohorts. Objective: This work aimed to determine the odds of cardiometabolic-related diagnoses in TGDY compared to matched controls in a cross-sectional analysis, using a large, multisite database (PEDSnet). Methods: Electronic health record data (2009-2019) were used to determine odds of cardiometabolic-related outcomes based on diagnosis, anthropometric, and laboratory data using logistic regression among TGDY youth vs controls. The association of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) with these outcomes was examined separately among TGDY. TGDY (n = 4172) were extracted from 6 PEDSnet sites and propensity-score matched on 8 variables to controls (n = 16 648). Main outcomes measures included odds of having cardiometabolic-related diagnoses among TGDY compared to matched controls, and among TGDY prescribed GAHT compared to those not prescribed GAHT. Results: In adjusted analyses, TGDY had higher odds of overweight/obesity (1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3) than controls. TGDY with a testosterone prescription alone or in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) had higher odds of dyslipidemia (1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3 and 3.7; 95% CI, 2.1-6.7, respectively) and liver dysfunction (1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9 and 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4-4.3) than TGDY not prescribed GAHT. TGDY with a testosterone prescription alone had higher odds of overweight/obesity (1.8; 95% CI, 1.5-2.1) and hypertension (1.6 95% CI, 1.2-2.2) than those not prescribed testosterone. Estradiol and GnRHa alone were not associated with greater odds of cardiometabolic-related diagnoses. Conclusion: TGDY have increased odds of overweight/obesity compared to matched controls. Screening and tailored weight management, sensitive to the needs of TGDY, are needed. Key Words: gender dysphoria, pediatric, cardiometabolic, cholesterol, body mass index, hormone therapy Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COCPs, combined oral contraceptive pills; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; [E.sub.2], estradiol; EHR, electronic health record; GAHT, gender-affirming hormone therapy; GnRHa, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TGDY, transgender and gender-diverse youth.
Context: Studies on cardiometabolic health in transgender and gender-diverse youth (TGDY) are limited to small cohorts. Objective: This work aimed to determine the odds of cardiometabolic-related diagnoses in TGDY compared to matched controls in a cross-sectional analysis, using a large, multisite database (PEDSnet). Methods: Electronic health record data (2009-2019) were used to determine odds of cardiometabolic-related outcomes based on diagnosis, anthropometric, and laboratory data using logistic regression among TGDY youth vs controls. The association of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) with these outcomes was examined separately among TGDY. TGDY (n = 4172) were extracted from 6 PEDSnet sites and propensity-score matched on 8 variables to controls (n = 16 648). Main outcomes measures included odds of having cardiometabolic-related diagnoses among TGDY compared to matched controls, and among TGDY prescribed GAHT compared to those not prescribed GAHT. Results: In adjusted analyses, TGDY had higher odds of overweight/obesity (1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3) than controls. TGDY with a testosterone prescription alone or in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) had higher odds of dyslipidemia (1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3 and 3.7; 95% CI, 2.1-6.7, respectively) and liver dysfunction (1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9 and 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4-4.3) than TGDY not prescribed GAHT. TGDY with a testosterone prescription alone had higher odds of overweight/obesity (1.8; 95% CI, 1.5-2.1) and hypertension (1.6 95% CI, 1.2-2.2) than those not prescribed testosterone. Estradiol and GnRHa alone were not associated with greater odds of cardiometabolic-related diagnoses. Conclusion: TGDY have increased odds of overweight/obesity compared to matched controls. Screening and tailored weight management, sensitive to the needs of TGDY, are needed. Key Words: gender dysphoria, pediatric, cardiometabolic, cholesterol, body mass index, hormone therapy Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COCPs, combined oral contraceptive pills; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; [E.sub.2], estradiol; EHR, electronic health record; GAHT, gender-affirming hormone therapy; GnRHa, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TGDY, transgender and gender-diverse youth.