학술논문

Bender elements in stiff cemented clay: shear wave velocity ([V.sub.s]) correction by applying wavelength considerations
Document Type
Academic Journal
Source
Canadian Geotechnical Journal. July 2019, Vol. 56 Issue 7, p1034, 8 p.
Subject
Singapore
Language
English
ISSN
0008-3674
Abstract
For the quality control of cement mixing in clays, small-strain shear stiffness [G.sub.max] is now increasingly being used due to enhanced repeatability in shear wave velocity ([V.sub.s]) measurements. These stiff cemented clays have higher resonant frequencies that require the use of higher input frequencies in bender element testing for reliable [V.sub.s] measurements. However, the practical requirements for suitable signals (with minimal near-field effects and wave reflections) can often be difficult to implement. To facilitate such [V.sub.s] measurements, the current study proposes a methodology that can correct [V.sub.s] values corresponding to lower wave propagation distance to wavelength ratios ([L.sub.tt]/[lambda]) to more reliable values of [V.sub.s] at reference [L.sub.tt]/[lambda] criterion suggested in previous studies (e.g., 2, 3.33, and 4). Two clay types are mixed with ordinary Portland cement and various mix ratios are utilized to cover a wider range of soil stiffnesses. Based on the collected database, it is found that the resulting fitting functions enable the reasonable estimation of the stabilized [V.sub.s] values corresponding to the suggested [L.sub.tt]/[lambda] criterion regardless of the nature of the input sine signal. Key words: bender elements, shear waves, cemented clay, near-field effects. Pour le controle de la qualite du melange du ciment dans les argiles, on utilise de plus en plus une faible rigidite au cisaillement en contrainte [G.sub.max] en raison de la repetabilite accrue des mesures de la vitesse des ondes de cisaillement ([V.sub.s]). Ces argiles cimentees rigides ont des frequences de resonance plus elevees qui necessitent l'utilisation de frequences d'entree plus elevees dans le test des elements piezoceramiques (<>) pour des mesures [V.sub.s] fiables. Cependant, les exigences pratiques pour des signaux appropries (avec des effets de champ proche et des reflexions d'ondes minimes) peuvent souvent etre difficiles a mettre en reuvre. Pour faciliter de telles mesures [V.sub.s], la presente etude propose une methodologie permettant de corriger les valeurs de [V.sub.s] correspondant a des rapports de distance de propagation des ondes a la longueur d'onde ([L.sub.tt]/[lambda]) moins eleves a des valeurs plus fiables de [V.sub.s] au critere de reference [L.sub.tt]/[lambda] suggere dans des etudes anterieures (2, 3,33 et 4). Deux types d'argile sont melanges au ciment Portland ordinaire et divers rapports de melange sont utilises afin de couvrir une plus grande gamme de rigidite du sol. En se fondant sur de la base de donnees recueillies, on constate que les fonctions d'ajustement resultantes nous permettent d'estimer raisonnablement les valeurs [V.sub.s] stabilisees correspondant au critere [L.sub.tt]/[lambda] suggere, quelle que soit la nature du signal sinusoidal d'entree. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: elements piezoceramiques (<< bender elements>>), vagues de cisaillement, argile cimentee, effets de champ proche.
Introduction It is well established that small-strain shear stiffness ([G.sub.max]) is a fundamental parameter for static and dynamic analyses of soil (Burland 1989; Clayton 2011; Ku et al. 2013; Richart [...]