학술논문
Identifying Neurobiological Markers in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study in Subgroups of Differing Phenotype
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Paribello, Pasquale; Carpiniello, Bernardo; Murgia, Roberto; Porcheddu, Antonio Andrea; El-Kacemi, Sabrina; Pinna, Marco; Contu, Martina; Costa, Giulia; Barbarossa, Rossella; Sanna, Egea; Carucci, Sara; Zuddas, Alessandro; Fadda, Paola; Dedoni, Simona; Siddi, Carlotta; Congiu, Patrizia; Figorilli, Michela; Fanzecco, Michela; Puligheddu, Monica; Gagliano, Antonella; Pinna, Federica; Scherma, Maria; Manchia, Mirko
Source
Applied Sciences. June 2023, Vol. 13 Issue 12
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2076-3417
Abstract
Author(s): Pasquale Paribello [1,2]; Bernardo Carpiniello [1,2]; Roberto Murgia [1,2]; Antonio Andrea Porcheddu [1,2]; Sabrina El-Kacemi [1,2]; Marco Pinna [1]; Martina Contu [1]; Giulia Costa [3]; Rossella Barbarossa [4]; Egea [...]
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) represents a frequent and highly disabling mental disorder. Past attempts to characterize different disease subgroups focused on the time of onset (late vs. early onset), presence of insight (poor insight), and post-infectious forms (pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome, PANS). Each subgroup may be associated with a differing impact on cognition, functioning, sleep quality, and treatment response profile. Certain lines of evidence suggest brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels may differ between individuals living with OCD as compared with controls, but there is a lack of evidence on the variation of BDNF levels in OCD subgroups. Lastly, the potential of assessing inflammatory states, electroencephalogram, and polysomnography to characterize these subtypes has been hardly explored. Estimates of drug-resistance rates indicate that 20% and up to 65% of affected adults and up to 35% of the pediatric population may not benefit from pharmacological treatments. At least part of the variability in treatment response could depend on the underlying biological heterogeneity. In the present project, we aim to increase the accuracy in characterizing the phenotypical and biological signature for the different OCD subtypes through clinical, cognitive, and sleep markers, along with other possible markers that may be biologically plausible.
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) represents a frequent and highly disabling mental disorder. Past attempts to characterize different disease subgroups focused on the time of onset (late vs. early onset), presence of insight (poor insight), and post-infectious forms (pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome, PANS). Each subgroup may be associated with a differing impact on cognition, functioning, sleep quality, and treatment response profile. Certain lines of evidence suggest brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels may differ between individuals living with OCD as compared with controls, but there is a lack of evidence on the variation of BDNF levels in OCD subgroups. Lastly, the potential of assessing inflammatory states, electroencephalogram, and polysomnography to characterize these subtypes has been hardly explored. Estimates of drug-resistance rates indicate that 20% and up to 65% of affected adults and up to 35% of the pediatric population may not benefit from pharmacological treatments. At least part of the variability in treatment response could depend on the underlying biological heterogeneity. In the present project, we aim to increase the accuracy in characterizing the phenotypical and biological signature for the different OCD subtypes through clinical, cognitive, and sleep markers, along with other possible markers that may be biologically plausible.