학술논문
The Association Between Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Bone Strength in China
Clinical Research Article
Clinical Research Article
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. December 2021, Vol. 106 Issue 12, pe5097, 12 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0021-972X
Abstract
Bones bear the critical responsibility of mechanically supporting the whole body. Bone homeostasis is characterized by constant bone resorption and deposition processes (1). Disturbance of bone homeostasis leads to reduced [...]
Context: Evidence regarding the association of long-term exposure to air pollution on bone strength or osteoporosis is rare, especially in highly polluted low- and middle-income countries. Little is known about whether the association between air pollution and bone strength changes at different bone strength distributions. Objective: Using the baseline data from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort, we investigated the association between long-term air pollution exposure and bone strength. Methods: We used multiple linear models to estimate the association between air pollution and bone strength, and we conducted quantile regression models to investigate the variation of this association in the distribution of bone strength. The 3-year concentrations of P[M.sub.1], P[M.sub.25], P[M.sub.10], and N[O.sub.2] for each participant were assessed using spatial statistical models. Bone strength was expressed by the calcaneus quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) measured by quantitative ultrasound, with higher QUI values indicating greater bone strength. Results: A total of 66 598 participants were included. Our analysis shows that every 10 [micro]g/[m.sup.3] increase in 3-year average P[M.sub.1], P[M.sub.25], P[M.sub.10], and N[O.sub.2] was associated with -5.38 units (95% CI: -6.17, -4.60), -1.89 units (95% CI: -2.33, -1.44), -0.77 units (95% CI: -1.08, -0.47), and -2.02 units (95% CI: -2.32, -1.71) changes in the QUI, respectively. In addition, populations with higher bone strength may be more susceptible to air pollution. Conclusion: Long-term exposure to P[M.sub.1],P[M.sub.25], P[M.sub.10], and N[O.sub.2] was significantly associated with decreased bone strength in southwestern China adults. Air pollution exposure has a more substantial adverse effect on bones among populations with higher bone strength. Key Words: ambient air pollution, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, osteoporosis, bone strength
Context: Evidence regarding the association of long-term exposure to air pollution on bone strength or osteoporosis is rare, especially in highly polluted low- and middle-income countries. Little is known about whether the association between air pollution and bone strength changes at different bone strength distributions. Objective: Using the baseline data from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort, we investigated the association between long-term air pollution exposure and bone strength. Methods: We used multiple linear models to estimate the association between air pollution and bone strength, and we conducted quantile regression models to investigate the variation of this association in the distribution of bone strength. The 3-year concentrations of P[M.sub.1], P[M.sub.25], P[M.sub.10], and N[O.sub.2] for each participant were assessed using spatial statistical models. Bone strength was expressed by the calcaneus quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) measured by quantitative ultrasound, with higher QUI values indicating greater bone strength. Results: A total of 66 598 participants were included. Our analysis shows that every 10 [micro]g/[m.sup.3] increase in 3-year average P[M.sub.1], P[M.sub.25], P[M.sub.10], and N[O.sub.2] was associated with -5.38 units (95% CI: -6.17, -4.60), -1.89 units (95% CI: -2.33, -1.44), -0.77 units (95% CI: -1.08, -0.47), and -2.02 units (95% CI: -2.32, -1.71) changes in the QUI, respectively. In addition, populations with higher bone strength may be more susceptible to air pollution. Conclusion: Long-term exposure to P[M.sub.1],P[M.sub.25], P[M.sub.10], and N[O.sub.2] was significantly associated with decreased bone strength in southwestern China adults. Air pollution exposure has a more substantial adverse effect on bones among populations with higher bone strength. Key Words: ambient air pollution, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, osteoporosis, bone strength