학술논문
Neurite Outgrowth Inhibitor (NogoA) Is Upregulated in White Matter Lesions of Complex Cortical Malformations
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Document Type
Report
Author
Source
Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology. March 2021, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p274, 9 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0022-3069
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complex cortical malformations (CCMs) include a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders including microencephaly, megalencephaly, polymicrogyria (PMG), lissencephaly, schizencephaly, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), and 3 types of focal cortical dysplasia (1,2). [...]
Complex cortical malformations (CCMs), such as hemimegalencephaly and polymicrogyria, are associated with drug-resistant epilepsy and developmental impairment. They share certain neuropathological characteristics including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and an atypical number of white matter neurons. To get a better understanding of the pathobiology of the lesion architecture, we investigated the role of neurite outgrowth inhibitor A (NogoA), a known regulator of neuronal migration. Epilepsy surgery specimens from 16 CCM patients were analyzed and compared with sections of focal cortical dysplasia iiB (FCD iiB, n = 22), tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC, n = 8) as well as healthy controls (n = 15). Immunohistochemistry was used to characterize NogoA, myelination, and mTOR signaling. Digital slides were evaluated automatically with imageJ. NogoA staining showed a significantly higher expression within the white matter of CCM and FCD iiB, whereas cortical tubers presented levels similar to controls. Further analysis of possible associations of NogoA with other factors revealed a positive correlation with mTOR and seizure frequency. To identify the main expressing NogoA cell type, double staining revealed dysmorphic neuronal white matter cells. Increased NogoA expression is associated with profound inhibition of neuritic sprouting and therefore contributes to a decrease in neuronal network complexity in CCM patients. Key Words: Epilepsy surgery, Hemimegalencephaly, Polymicrogyria, White matter pathology.
Complex cortical malformations (CCMs), such as hemimegalencephaly and polymicrogyria, are associated with drug-resistant epilepsy and developmental impairment. They share certain neuropathological characteristics including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and an atypical number of white matter neurons. To get a better understanding of the pathobiology of the lesion architecture, we investigated the role of neurite outgrowth inhibitor A (NogoA), a known regulator of neuronal migration. Epilepsy surgery specimens from 16 CCM patients were analyzed and compared with sections of focal cortical dysplasia iiB (FCD iiB, n = 22), tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC, n = 8) as well as healthy controls (n = 15). Immunohistochemistry was used to characterize NogoA, myelination, and mTOR signaling. Digital slides were evaluated automatically with imageJ. NogoA staining showed a significantly higher expression within the white matter of CCM and FCD iiB, whereas cortical tubers presented levels similar to controls. Further analysis of possible associations of NogoA with other factors revealed a positive correlation with mTOR and seizure frequency. To identify the main expressing NogoA cell type, double staining revealed dysmorphic neuronal white matter cells. Increased NogoA expression is associated with profound inhibition of neuritic sprouting and therefore contributes to a decrease in neuronal network complexity in CCM patients. Key Words: Epilepsy surgery, Hemimegalencephaly, Polymicrogyria, White matter pathology.