학술논문
Characteristics associated with hypersomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness identified by extended polysomnography recording
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
SLEEP. May 2021, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p1A18, 11 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0161-8105
Abstract
Introduction Sleep is an essential physiological process and of major importance for health and well-being. 'How much sleep do we need?' and 'How much do we really sleep?' are key [...]
Study Objectives: Hypersomnolence, defined by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or excessive quantity of sleep (EQS), has been associated with increased morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics associated with EQS and EDS assessed objectively during extended polysomnography recording. Methods: A total of 266 drug-free subjects (201 women; mean age: 26.5 years [16.08; 60.87]) underwent 32-h bed-rest polysomnography recording preceded by polysomnography and modified multiple sleep latency test (mMSLT). Participants were categorized according to their total sleep time (bed-rest TST [greater than or equal to]19 h, hypersomnia), objective EDS (mean sleep latency on MSLT [less than or equal to]8 min), and self-reported EDS (Epworth sleepiness scale score >10) and EQS ([greater than or equal to]9 h/24 h per week). Results: Subjects with hypersomnia were often younger, with normal sleep architecture, high nighttime sleep efficiency, and severe objective EDS. No association with sex, body mass index, Epworth sleepiness scale, EQS, and depressive symptoms was detected. Subjects with objective EDS had less EQS, higher sleep efficiency, and increased hypersomnia. Discrepancies were observed between objective and self-reported measures of sleep duration and EDS. Finally, 71 subjects were identified who had objective hypersomnia and/or EDS, no medical and psychiatric conditions and normal polysomnography parameters, and therefore met the stringent criteria of idiopathic hypersomnia, an orphan disorder. Conclusions: Sleep duration and EDS should be quantified using self-reported and objective measures in a controlled procedure to differentiate long sleepers, patients with hypersomnia, and patients with idiopathic hypersomnia. This will help to better understand their biology, to identify specific biomarkers, and to assess related health outcomes. Statement of Significance Hypersomnolence, defined by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or excessive quantity of sleep, has been associated with increased morbidity. Discrepancies (i.e. clinical and polysomnography characteristics) exist between objective and self-reported measures of sleep duration and EDS. We recommend quantifying sleep duration and EDS using self-reported and also objective measures in a controlled procedure to differentiate long sleepers, patients with hypersomnia, and patients with idiopathic hypersomnia. This will help to understand their biology, to identify specific biomarkers, and to determine health outcomes. Key words: long sleep; hypersomnia; hypersomnolence; total sleep time; daytime sleepiness; depression; obesity; sleep inertia
Study Objectives: Hypersomnolence, defined by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or excessive quantity of sleep (EQS), has been associated with increased morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics associated with EQS and EDS assessed objectively during extended polysomnography recording. Methods: A total of 266 drug-free subjects (201 women; mean age: 26.5 years [16.08; 60.87]) underwent 32-h bed-rest polysomnography recording preceded by polysomnography and modified multiple sleep latency test (mMSLT). Participants were categorized according to their total sleep time (bed-rest TST [greater than or equal to]19 h, hypersomnia), objective EDS (mean sleep latency on MSLT [less than or equal to]8 min), and self-reported EDS (Epworth sleepiness scale score >10) and EQS ([greater than or equal to]9 h/24 h per week). Results: Subjects with hypersomnia were often younger, with normal sleep architecture, high nighttime sleep efficiency, and severe objective EDS. No association with sex, body mass index, Epworth sleepiness scale, EQS, and depressive symptoms was detected. Subjects with objective EDS had less EQS, higher sleep efficiency, and increased hypersomnia. Discrepancies were observed between objective and self-reported measures of sleep duration and EDS. Finally, 71 subjects were identified who had objective hypersomnia and/or EDS, no medical and psychiatric conditions and normal polysomnography parameters, and therefore met the stringent criteria of idiopathic hypersomnia, an orphan disorder. Conclusions: Sleep duration and EDS should be quantified using self-reported and objective measures in a controlled procedure to differentiate long sleepers, patients with hypersomnia, and patients with idiopathic hypersomnia. This will help to better understand their biology, to identify specific biomarkers, and to assess related health outcomes. Statement of Significance Hypersomnolence, defined by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or excessive quantity of sleep, has been associated with increased morbidity. Discrepancies (i.e. clinical and polysomnography characteristics) exist between objective and self-reported measures of sleep duration and EDS. We recommend quantifying sleep duration and EDS using self-reported and also objective measures in a controlled procedure to differentiate long sleepers, patients with hypersomnia, and patients with idiopathic hypersomnia. This will help to understand their biology, to identify specific biomarkers, and to determine health outcomes. Key words: long sleep; hypersomnia; hypersomnolence; total sleep time; daytime sleepiness; depression; obesity; sleep inertia