부산대학교 도서관

Infections associated with healthcare (IAHC) represent a problem in Brazil that requires care, being among the first six causes of death in the country, which is strongly linked to the imbalance of the microbiota and the host's immunity. Among the instruments that can contribute to the appearance of IAHCs, medical devices, such as stethoscopes, can be an important vector of cross-infection, if not properly sanitized. The objective of this work was to identify the presence of bacterial biological agents contained in the diaphragms of stethoscopes of Medical students at the Centro Universitario de Patos de Minas/ UNIPAM. An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was carried out by collecting microbiological material from 52 stethoscopes. The samples were collected with sterile swabs, rubbed on the stethoscopes' diaphragm surface and then they were transferred in BHI broth (Brain Heart Infusion), standard count agar (PCA), Salt Mannitol agar (SM) and methylene blue eosin agar (EMS). For the characterization of cultures, techniques of bacterial identification by inoculation and traditional biochemical series were used, after that Gram staining was performed and the characteristics were analyzed. Of the stethoscopes' diaphragms analyzed, 50% (n = 26) showed contamination with positive growth for at least one of the surveyed microorganisms: enterobacteria, total bacteria, Staphylococci aureus, and enteric gram-negative bacilli. The results show that Gram-negative bacteria prevailed in the sampled stethoscopes, which are important pathogens. In this sense, it can be concluded that the practice of cleaning the diaphragm of stethoscopes should be better disseminated in educational institutions for spreading diseases and putting the patient's health at risk. Keywords: Stethoscopes; Biological contamination; Microbiological phenomena; Microorganisms; Bacteria; Students, medical. As infeccoes associadas aos cuidados de saude (IACS) representam no Brasil um problema que requer cuidado, estando entre as seis primeiras causas de obito no pais, de modo que a referida causa esta fortemente ligada ao desequilibrio da microbiota e da imunidade do hospedeiro. Dentre os instrumentos quepodem contribuir com o aparecimento das IACS, destacam-se os dispositivos medicos, como o estetoscopio, que pode ser um importante vetor de infeccao cruzada, caso nao seja higienizado corretamente. O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar a presenca de agentes biologicos bacterianos contidos nos diafragmas dos estetoscopios de alunos do curso de Medicina do Centro Universitario de Patos de Minas/ UNIPAM. Realizou-se um estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo atraves da coleta de material microbiologico de 52 estetoscopios. As amostras foram coletadas com swabs estereis, friccionados na superficie do diafragma de estetoscopios e depois foram repicadas em caldo BHI (Brain Heart Infusion), agar padrao para contagem (PCA), agar Sal Manitol (SM) e agar eosina azul de metileno (EMB). Para a caracterizacao das culturas foram utilizados tecnicas de identificacao bacteriana por inoculacao e serie bioquimica tradicional, apos isso foi realizada a coloracao Gram e as caracteristicas morfo-tintoriais foram analisadas. Dos diafragmas de estetoscopios avaliados, 50% (n=26) apresentaram contaminacao com crescimento positivo para pelo menos um dos microrganismos pesquisados: enterobacterias, bacterias totais, Staphylococcus aureus e bacilos entericos gram negativos. Os resultados permitem observar que as bacterias Gram-negativas prevaleceram nos estetoscopios amostrados, as quais sao importantes agentes patogenicos. Nesse sentido, pode-se concluir que a pratica de higienizacao do diafragma dos estetoscopios deve ser melhor difundida nas instituicoes de ensino por veicular doencas e colocar em risco a saude do paciente. Descritores: Estetoscopios; Contaminacao biologica; Fenomenos microbiologicos; Bacterias; Estudantes de medicina.
INTRODUCTION Infections associated with health care represent (IAHC) a problem that needs attention in Brazil, because it is among the primary causes of death in the country, so the referred [...]