학술논문
Effectiveness of a Messenger RNA Vaccine Booster Dose Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among US Healthcare Personnel, October 2021-July 2022
MAJOR ARTICLE
MAJOR ARTICLE
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Plumb, Ian D.; Mohr, Nicholas M.; Hagen, Melissa; Wiegand, Ryan; Dumyati, Ghinwa; Harland, Karisa K.; Krishnadasan, Anusha; Gist, Jade James; Abedi, Glen; Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Chea, Nora; Lee, Jane; Barter, Devra; Brackney, Monica; Fridkin, Scott K.; Wilson, Lucy E.; Lovett, Sara A.; Ocampo, Valerie; Phipps, Erin C.; Marcus, Tiffanie M.; Smithline, Howard A.; Hou, Peter C.; Lee, Lilly C.; Moran, Gregory J.; Krebs, Elizabeth; Steele, Mark T.; Lim, Stephen C.; Schrading, Walter A.; Chinnock, Brian; Beiser, David G.; Faine, Brett; Haran, John P.; Nandi, Utsav; Chipman, Anne K.; LoVecchio, Frank; Talan, David A.; Pilishvili, Tamara
Source
Open Forum Infectious Diseases. October 2023, Vol. 10 Issue 10
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2328-8957
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have provided direct protection against symptomatic infection, severe disease, and death from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1, 2]. COVID-19 [...]
Background. Protection against symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) can limit transmission and the risk of post-COVID conditions, and is particularly important among healthcare personnel. However, lower vaccine effectiveness (VE) has been reported since predominance of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant. Methods. We evaluated the VE of a monovalent messenger RNA (mRNA) booster dose against COVID-19 from October 2021 to June 2022 among US healthcare personnel. After matching case-participants with COVID-19 to control-participants by 2-week period and site, we used conditional logistic regression to estimate the VE of a booster dose compared with completing only 2 mRNA doses >150 days previously, adjusted for multiple covariates. Results. Among 3279 case-participants and 3998 control-participants who had completed 2 mRNA doses, we estimated that the VE of a booster dose against COVID-19 declined from 86% (95% confidence interval, 81%-90%) during Delta predominance to 65% (58%-70%) during Omicron predominance. During Omicron predominance, VE declined from 73% (95% confidence interval, 67%-79%) 14-60 days after the booster dose, to 32% (4%-52%) [greater than or equal to] 120 days after a booster dose. We found that VE was similar by age group, presence of underlying health conditions, and pregnancy status on the test date, as well as among immunocompromised participants. Conclusions. A booster dose conferred substantial protection against COVID-19 among healthcare personnel. However, VE was lower during Omicron predominance, and waning effectiveness was observed 4 months after booster dose receipt during this period. Our findings support recommendations to stay up to date on recommended doses of COVID-19 vaccines for all those eligible. Keywords. COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine effectiveness; Omicron; healthcare personnel.
Background. Protection against symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) can limit transmission and the risk of post-COVID conditions, and is particularly important among healthcare personnel. However, lower vaccine effectiveness (VE) has been reported since predominance of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant. Methods. We evaluated the VE of a monovalent messenger RNA (mRNA) booster dose against COVID-19 from October 2021 to June 2022 among US healthcare personnel. After matching case-participants with COVID-19 to control-participants by 2-week period and site, we used conditional logistic regression to estimate the VE of a booster dose compared with completing only 2 mRNA doses >150 days previously, adjusted for multiple covariates. Results. Among 3279 case-participants and 3998 control-participants who had completed 2 mRNA doses, we estimated that the VE of a booster dose against COVID-19 declined from 86% (95% confidence interval, 81%-90%) during Delta predominance to 65% (58%-70%) during Omicron predominance. During Omicron predominance, VE declined from 73% (95% confidence interval, 67%-79%) 14-60 days after the booster dose, to 32% (4%-52%) [greater than or equal to] 120 days after a booster dose. We found that VE was similar by age group, presence of underlying health conditions, and pregnancy status on the test date, as well as among immunocompromised participants. Conclusions. A booster dose conferred substantial protection against COVID-19 among healthcare personnel. However, VE was lower during Omicron predominance, and waning effectiveness was observed 4 months after booster dose receipt during this period. Our findings support recommendations to stay up to date on recommended doses of COVID-19 vaccines for all those eligible. Keywords. COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine effectiveness; Omicron; healthcare personnel.