학술논문
Associations of loneliness and social isolation with actigraph and self-reported sleep quality in a national sample of older adults
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Document Type
Academic Journal
Source
SLEEP. January 2021, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p1N, 9 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0161-8105
Abstract
Introduction Older adults are at a higher risk of experiencing negative health consequences of social isolation and loneliness [1-3], including increased risk for cardiovascular heart disease, stroke, and mortality [4-7]. [...]
Study Objectives: To examine associations of social isolation and loneliness with sleep in older adults and whether associations differ for survey and actigraph sleep measures. Methods: This study used data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative study of community-dwelling older adults born 1920-1947. A random one-third of participants in 2010-2011 were invited to participate in a sleep study (N = 759) that included survey questions, 72 hours of wrist actigraphy, and a sleep log. Perceived loneliness was measured using three questions from the UCLA Loneliness Scale. An index of social isolation was constructed from nine items that queried social network characteristics and social interactions. We used ordinary least squares and ordinal logistic regression to examine whether sleep measures were associated with loneliness and social isolation adjusted for potential sociodemographic confounders. Results: Social isolation and loneliness had a low correlation (Spearman's correlation = 0.20). Both loneliness and social isolation were associated with actigraphy measures of more disrupted sleep: wake after sleep onset and percent sleep. Neither was associated with actigraph total sleep time. Increased loneliness was strongly associated with more insomnia symptoms and with shorter sleep duration assessed by a single question, but social isolation was not. More isolated individuals spent a longer time in bed. Conclusions: We found that both loneliness and social isolation were associated with worse actigraph sleep quality, but their associations with self-reported sleep differed. Only loneliness was associated with worse and shorter self-reported sleep. Key words: social isolation; disconnectedness; loneliness; sleep; actigraphy; aging
Study Objectives: To examine associations of social isolation and loneliness with sleep in older adults and whether associations differ for survey and actigraph sleep measures. Methods: This study used data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative study of community-dwelling older adults born 1920-1947. A random one-third of participants in 2010-2011 were invited to participate in a sleep study (N = 759) that included survey questions, 72 hours of wrist actigraphy, and a sleep log. Perceived loneliness was measured using three questions from the UCLA Loneliness Scale. An index of social isolation was constructed from nine items that queried social network characteristics and social interactions. We used ordinary least squares and ordinal logistic regression to examine whether sleep measures were associated with loneliness and social isolation adjusted for potential sociodemographic confounders. Results: Social isolation and loneliness had a low correlation (Spearman's correlation = 0.20). Both loneliness and social isolation were associated with actigraphy measures of more disrupted sleep: wake after sleep onset and percent sleep. Neither was associated with actigraph total sleep time. Increased loneliness was strongly associated with more insomnia symptoms and with shorter sleep duration assessed by a single question, but social isolation was not. More isolated individuals spent a longer time in bed. Conclusions: We found that both loneliness and social isolation were associated with worse actigraph sleep quality, but their associations with self-reported sleep differed. Only loneliness was associated with worse and shorter self-reported sleep. Key words: social isolation; disconnectedness; loneliness; sleep; actigraphy; aging