학술논문

Diagnostic yield of serial SARS-CoV-2 testing in hospitalized patients
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Document Type
Academic Journal
Source
JAMMI: Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada. September 2022, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p181, 5 p.
Subject
Canada
Quebec
Language
English
ISSN
2371-0888
Abstract
The accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients is essential to ensure that patients receive appropriate care and to prevent nosocomial transmission. Reverse transcriptase polymerase- chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the [...]
BACKGROUND: The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) varies depending on the time since exposure and is highest around the time of symptom onset. It is conceivable that patients who are incubating SARS-CoV-2 may screen negative at admission and develop transmissible but undetected asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic disease while in hospital. The incidence of COVID-19 in Montreal, Canada started to increase in December 2020. In anticipation of a much larger rise after the holiday period, the McGill University Health Centre implemented serial SARS-CoV-2 testing for all admitted patients on day 5 and 10 after admission, to evaluate the clinical utility of serial SARS-CoV-2 testing among patients who test negative on admission screening. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the diagnostic yield of SARS-CoV-2 serial testing for patients admitted between January 4, 2021 and April 30, 2021. RESULTS: A total of 1,505 patients underwent serial testing at day 5 and 841 patients underwent serial testing at day 10. Only 10 patients were positive on serial testing at day 5 and only 12 patients were positive on serial testing at day 10, for a yield at day 5 and day 10 of 0.7% and 1.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The yield of serial SARS-CoV-2 testing was 0.7% at day 5 and 1.4% at day 10. We found that the yield of serial testing was higher when the community incidence was higher and could be considered in this situation. Policies which target repeat testing towards symptomatic or exposed individuals appear to be effective in identifying those with a positive test while admitted but testing negative upon admission. KEYWORDS: COVID-19 diagnostic testing, COVID-19 serial testing, infection control HISTORIQUE: Le taux de detection du SRAS-CoV-2 par l'amplification en chaine par polymerase (PCR) varie en fonction de la periode ecoulee depuis l'exposition et est plus eleve aux alentours du moment d'apparition des symptomes. Il se peut que les patients en periode d'incubation du SRAS-CoV-2 obtiennent un resultat negatif a leur admission, puis developpent une maladie asymptomatique ou presymptomatique non detectee pendant leur sejour hospitalier. L'incidence de COVID-19 a commence a augmenter a Montreal, au Canada, en decembre 2020. En prevision d'une hausse beaucoup plus marquee apres la periode des fetes, le Centre universitaire de sante McGill a mis en oeuvre des tests seriels du SRAS-CoV-2 pour tous les patients hospitalises le cinquieme et le dixieme jour apres leur hospitalisation, afin d'evaluer l'utilite clinique des tests seriels du SRAS-CoV-2 chez les patients qui avaient recu un resultat negatif lors du depistage a leur admission. METHODOLOGIE : Les chercheurs ont procede a une analyse retrospective du taux diagnostique des tests seriels du SRAS-CoV-2 chez les patients hospitalises entre le 4 janvier et le 30 avril 2021. RESULTATS : Au total, 1 505 patients se sont soumis au test seriel le cinquieme jour et 841 patients, le dixieme jour. Seulement dix patients ont obtenu un resultat positif au test seriel le cinquieme jour (0,7 %) et seulement 12, le dixieme jour (1,4 %). CONCLUSIONS : Le taux de resultats positifs aux tests seriels du SRAS-CoV-2 s'elevait a 0,7 % le cinquieme jour et a 1,4 % le dixieme jour. Il etait plus marque lorsque l'incidence communautaire etait plus elevee; les tests seriels pourraient etre envisages dans cette situation. Les politiques qui ciblent les tests repetes chez les personnes symptomatiques ou exposees semblent efficaces pour detecter celles dont le resultat est positif pendant leur hospitalisation, mais qui ont obtenu un resultat negatif a leur admission. MOTS-CLES : controle des infections, test diagnostique de la COVID-19, tests seriels de la COVID-19