부산대학교 도서관

To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01247.x Byline: ROBERT C. BARBOUR (*[double dagger]), LYNNE G. FORSTER (*), SUSAN C. BAKER ([dagger]), DOROTHY A. STEANE (*), BRADLEY M. POTTS (*) Keywords: biodiversity management; community genetics; decorticating-bark; extended phenotype; gene conservation; intraspecific genetic variation; plant-animal interactions; tree-trunk communities Abstract: Abstract: The developing field of community genetics has the potential to broaden the contribution of genetics to conservation biology by demonstrating that genetic variation within foundation plant species can act to structure associated communities of microorganisms, invertebrates, and vertebrates. We assessed the biodiversity consequences of natural patterns of intraspecific genetic variation within the widely distributed Australian forest tree, Eucalyptus globulus. We assessed genetic variation among geographic races of E. globulus (i.e., provenances, seed zones) in the characteristics of tree-trunk bark in a 17-year-old common garden and the associated response of a dependent macroarthropod community. In total, 180 macroarthropod taxa were identified following a collection from 100 trees of five races. We found substantial genetically based variation within E. globulus in the quantity and type of decorticating bark. In the community of organisms associated with this bark, significant variation existed among trees of different races in composition, and there was a two-fold difference in species richness (7-14 species) and abundance (22-55 individuals) among races. This community variation was tightly linked with genetically based variation in bark, with 60% of variation in community composition driven by bark characteristics. No detectable correlation was found, however, with neutral molecular markers. These community-level effects of tree genetics are expected to extend to higher trophic levels because of the extensive use of tree trunks as foraging zones by birds and marsupials. Our results demonstrate the potential biodiversity benefits that may be gained through conservation of intraspecific genetic variation within broadly distributed foundation species. The opportunities for enhancing biodiversity values of forestry and restoration plantings are also highlighted because such planted forests are increasingly becoming the dominant forest type in many areas of the world. Abstract (Spanish): Consecuencias de la Variacion Genetica en las Caracteristicas de la Corteza en una Especie de Arbol Fundadora Resumen: El desarrollo del campo de la genetica de comunidades tiene el potencial para ampliar la contribucion de la genetica a la biologia de la conservacion al demostrar que la variacion genetica en especies de plantas fundadoras puede actuar para estructurar comunidades asociadas de microorganismos, invertebrados y vertebrados. Evaluamos las consecuencias de patrones naturales de variacion genetica intraespecifica en el arbol forestal australiano ampliamente distribuido, Eucalyptus globulus. Evaluamos la variacion genetica en razas geograficas de E. globulus (i. e., procedencias, zonas de semillas) en las caracteristicas de la corteza del tronco en un jardin comun de 17 anos y la respuesta asociada de una comunidad dependiente de macroartropodos. En total, 180 taxa de macroartropodos fueron identificados despues de colectas en 100 arboles de cinco razas. Encontramos variacion genetica sustancial en E. globulus en la cantidad y tipo de corteza. En la comunidad de organismos asociados con esta corteza, existio variacion significativa entre arboles de diferentes razas, y hubo el doble de diferencia en la riqueza de especies (7-14 especies) y abundancia (22-55 individuos) entre razas. Esta variacion en la comunidad estuvo estrechamente ligada con la variacion genetica de la corteza, con 60% de variacion en la composicion de especies dirigida por las caracteristicas de la corteza. Sin embargo, no se encontro una correlacion con marcadores moleculares neutrales. Se espera que estos efectos a nivel de comunidad de la genetica de arboles se extiendan a niveles troficos superiores debido al uso extensivo de los troncos como zonas de forrajeo por aves y marsupiales. Nuestros resultados demuestran los beneficios potenciales que se pueden obtener mediante la conservacion de variacion genetica intraespecifica en especies fundadoras ampliamente distribuidas. Las oportunidades para incrementar los valores para la biodiversidad de las plantaciones forestales y de restauracion tambien son resaltadas porque esos bosques sembrados se estan convirtiendo en el tipo de bosques dominante en muchas regiones del mundo. Author Affiliation: (*)School of Plant Science and Cooperative Research Centre for Forestry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia ([dagger])Forestry Tasmania and Cooperative Research Centre for Forestry, 79 Melville Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia Article History: Paper submitted September 10, 2008; revised manuscript accepted January 26, 2009. Article note: ([double dagger]) email robert.barbour@utas.edu.au