학술논문

Pathogenicity, anastomosis groups, host range, and genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia species isolated from soybean, pea, and other crops in Alberta and Manitoba, Canada
Document Type
Academic Journal
Source
Canadian Journal of Plant Science. April, 2022, Vol. 102 Issue 2, p301, 15 p.
Subject
Alberta
Canada
Manitoba
Language
English
ISSN
0008-4220
Abstract
Root rot is a common disease in soybean (Glycine max) and field pea (Pisum sativum), which restrain increased production in Canada. Sixty-seven isolates of Rhizoctonia were recovered from various diseased plants in Alberta, Canada along with three isolates from diseased soybean plants in Manitoba, Canada. According to their anastomosis behavior, 23 (32.9%) of the isolates were identified as anastomosis group (AG) 4 (AG4), 7 (10.0%) were AG2-1, 10 (14.3%) were AG2-2, 7 (10.0%) were AG5, 3 (4.3%) were AG-E and the AGs of the remaining 20 (28.6%) isolates could not be determined. Isolates belonging to AG4 produced typical symptoms of stem rot and root rot on seedlings of soybean and pea and were more aggressive than the AG2-1, AG2-2, AG5 and AG-E isolates. Selected isolates of AG4, AG2-1, AG2-2, AG5 and AG-E were to some degree able to infect common crops in Alberta, which included barley, canola, corn, faba bean, flax, lupin, lentil, pea, potato, soybean, and wheat. The genetic variability among these isolates was evaluated using phylogenetic analysis based on the rDNA ITS sequences and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. For the ITS sequence analysis, a neighbour-joining tree was constructed using the PAUP program, which clustered the Rhizoctonia isolates into five groups (Groups I to V). However, no correlation was observed between AGs, locations, aggressiveness or host origins. For the ISSR analysis, 54 polymorphic ISSR patterns were identified, indicating a high level of diversity among the isolates. Key words: Rhizoctonia, soybean, pea, pathogenicity, anastomosis group, ITS, ISSR. Le pourridie est une maladie courante du soja (Glycine max) et du pois (Pisum sativum), ce qui en restreint la production au Canada. Les auteurs ont recupere 67 isolats de Rhizoctonia sur divers plants de soja attaques par la maladie en Alberta (Canada) et trois isolats sur des plants eux aussi affectes, au Manitoba (Canada). Si l'on se fie aux anastomoses, 23 (32,9 %) de ces isolats se classaient dans le quatrieme groupe anastomosique (AG4), sept (10,0 %) dans le groupe AG2-1, dix (14,3 %) dans le groupe AG2-2, sept (10,0 %) dans le groupe AG5, trois (4,3 %) dans le groupe AG-E, le groupe des vingt isolats restants (28,6 %) n'ayant pu etre determine. Les isolats du groupe AG4 produisent les symptomes typiques du pourridie chez les plantules de soja et de pois. Ils sont aussi plus agressifs que ceux des groupes AG2-1, AG2-2, AG5 et AG-E. Quelques isolats des groupes AG4, AG2-1, AG2-2, AG5 et AG-E parviennent a infecter a un certain degre diverses cultures courantes en Alberta, en l'occurrence l'orge, le canola, le mais, la feverole, le lin, le lupin, la lentille, le pois, la pomme de terre, le soja et le ble. Les auteurs ont evalue la variabilite genetique des isolats par analyse phylogenetique des sequences de l'espaceur transcrit interne (ITS) de leur ADNr ainsi que des marqueurs ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat). Pour analyser les sequences de l'ITS, les auteurs ont bati un arbre des sequences voisines et liees avec le logiciel PAUP, ce qui a permis de rassembler les isolats de Rhizoctonia en cinq groupes (numerotes de I a V). Neanmoins, on n'a pu etablir de correlation entre les groupes anastomosiques, l'emplacement, l'agressivite du cryptogame ou l'hote. En ce qui concerne les marqueurs ISSR, les auteurs ont identifie 54 polymorphismes, ce qui indique un taux de diversite eleve chez les isolats. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : Rhizoctonia, soja, pois, pathogenicite, groupe anastomosique, ITS, ISSR.
Introduction Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and field pea (Pisum sativum L.) are important leguminous crops that are widely grown in Canada (Pesticide Risk Reduction Program 2008; Masuda and Goldsmith [...]