학술논문
Circulating Metabolic Biomarkers Are Consistently Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Asian and European Populations
Clinical Research Article
Clinical Research Article
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. July 2022, Vol. 107 Issue 7, pe2751, 11 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0021-972X
Abstract
The global burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is high and rising (1, 2), with the prevalence expected to rise to 7079 cases per 100 000 in 2030, from 6059 [...]
Context: While Asians have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) than Europeans for a given body mass index (BMI), it remains unclear whether the same markers of metabolic pathways are associated with diabetes. Objective: We evaluated associations between metabolic biomarkers and incidence of T2D in 3 major Asian ethnic groups (Chinese, Malay, and ndian) and a European population. Methods: We analyzed data from adult males and females of 2 cohorts from Singapore (n = 6393) consisting of Chinese, Malays, and Indians and 3 cohorts of European-origin participants from Finland (n = 14 558). We used nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify 154 circulating metabolic biomarkers at baseline and performed logistic regression to assess associations with T2D risk adjusted for age, sex, BMI and glycemic markers Results: Of the 154 metabolic biomarkers, 59 were associated with higher risk of T2D in both Asians and Europeans (P < 0.0003, Bonferroni-corrected). These included branched chain and aromatic amino acids, the inflammatory marker glycoprotein acetyls, total fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids, apolipoprotein B, larger very low-density lipoprotein particle sizes, and triglycerides. In addition, 13 metabolites were associated with a lower T2D risk in both populations, including omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and larger high-density lipoprotein particle sizes. Associations were consistent within the Asian ethnic groups (all [P.sub.het] [greater than or equal to] 0.05) and largely consistent for the Asian and European populations ([P.sub.het] [greater than or equal to] 0.05 for 128 of 154 metabolic biomarkers). Conclusion: Metabolic biomarkers across several biological pathways were consistently associated with T2D risk in Asians and Europeans. Key Words: NMR, metabolomics, type 2 diabetes, branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, glycoprotein acetyls, inflammation, fatty acids, lipoprotein, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, cholesterol Abbreviations: BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; GlycA, glycoprotein acetyls; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MEC, Multiethnic Cohort; MUFA, monounsaturated fat; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; PUFA, polyunsaturated fat; SEED, Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases; SFA, saturated fatty acids; T2D, type 2 diabetes; VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein
Context: While Asians have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) than Europeans for a given body mass index (BMI), it remains unclear whether the same markers of metabolic pathways are associated with diabetes. Objective: We evaluated associations between metabolic biomarkers and incidence of T2D in 3 major Asian ethnic groups (Chinese, Malay, and ndian) and a European population. Methods: We analyzed data from adult males and females of 2 cohorts from Singapore (n = 6393) consisting of Chinese, Malays, and Indians and 3 cohorts of European-origin participants from Finland (n = 14 558). We used nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify 154 circulating metabolic biomarkers at baseline and performed logistic regression to assess associations with T2D risk adjusted for age, sex, BMI and glycemic markers Results: Of the 154 metabolic biomarkers, 59 were associated with higher risk of T2D in both Asians and Europeans (P < 0.0003, Bonferroni-corrected). These included branched chain and aromatic amino acids, the inflammatory marker glycoprotein acetyls, total fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids, apolipoprotein B, larger very low-density lipoprotein particle sizes, and triglycerides. In addition, 13 metabolites were associated with a lower T2D risk in both populations, including omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and larger high-density lipoprotein particle sizes. Associations were consistent within the Asian ethnic groups (all [P.sub.het] [greater than or equal to] 0.05) and largely consistent for the Asian and European populations ([P.sub.het] [greater than or equal to] 0.05 for 128 of 154 metabolic biomarkers). Conclusion: Metabolic biomarkers across several biological pathways were consistently associated with T2D risk in Asians and Europeans. Key Words: NMR, metabolomics, type 2 diabetes, branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, glycoprotein acetyls, inflammation, fatty acids, lipoprotein, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, cholesterol Abbreviations: BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; GlycA, glycoprotein acetyls; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MEC, Multiethnic Cohort; MUFA, monounsaturated fat; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; PUFA, polyunsaturated fat; SEED, Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases; SFA, saturated fatty acids; T2D, type 2 diabetes; VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein