학술논문
Increased incidence of pediatric narcolepsy following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: a report from the pediatric working group of the sleep research network
Original Article
Original Article
Document Type
Clinical report
Author
Simakajornboon, Narong; Mignot, Emmanuel; Maski, Kiran; Owens, Judith; Rosen, Carol; Ibrahim, Sally; Hassan, Fauziya; Chervin, Ronald D.; Perry, Gayln; Brooks, Lee; Kheirandish-Gozal, Leila; Gozal, David; Mason, Thornton; Robinson, Althea; Malow, Beth; Naqvi, Kamal; Chen, Maida L.; Jambhekar, Supriya; Halbower, Ann; Graw-Panzer, Katharina; Dayyat, Ehab; Lew, Jenny; Melendres, Cecilia; Kotagal, Suresh; Jain, Sejal; Super, Elizabeth; Dye, Thomas; Hossain, Md Monir; Tadesse, Dawit
Source
SLEEP. September 2022, Vol. 45 Issue 9, p1J, 11 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0161-8105
Abstract
Introduction Narcolepsy is one of the common causes of central disorders of hypersomnolence, with a global mean prevalence of 30 cases per 100 000 people [1]. The prevalence varies by [...]
This study was aimed to evaluate the yearly incidence of pediatric narcolepsy prior to and following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and to evaluate seasonal patterns of narcolepsy onset and associations with H1N1 influenza infection in the United States. This was a multicenter retrospective study with prospective follow-up. Participants were recruited from members of the Pediatric Working Group of the Sleep Research Network including 22 sites across the United States. The main outcomes were monthly and yearly incident cases of childhood narcolepsy in the United States, and its relationship to historical H1N1 influenza data. A total of 950 participants were included in the analysis; 487 participants were male (51.3%). The mean age at onset of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was 9.6 [+ or -] 3.9 years. Significant trend changes in pediatric narcolepsy incidence based on EDS onset (p < .0001) occurred over the 1998-2016 period, peaking in 2010, reflecting a 1.6-fold increase in narcolepsy incidence. In addition, there was significant seasonal variation in narcolepsy incident cases, with increased cases in spring (p < .05). Crosscorrelation analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between monthly H1N1 infection and monthly narcolepsy incident cases (p = .397, p < .0001) with a lag time of 8 months. We conclude that there is a significant increase in pediatric narcolepsy incidence after the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in the United States. However, the magnitude of increase is lower than reported in European countries and in China. The temporal correlation between monthly H1N1 infection and monthly narcolepsy incidence, suggests that H1N1 infection may be a contributing factor to the increased pediatric narcolepsy incidence after the 2009 H1N1 pandemics. Key words: pediatric narcolepsy; 2009 H1N1 pandemics; narcolepsy incidence; seasonal variation of narcolepsy incidence; risk factors for narcolepsy
This study was aimed to evaluate the yearly incidence of pediatric narcolepsy prior to and following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and to evaluate seasonal patterns of narcolepsy onset and associations with H1N1 influenza infection in the United States. This was a multicenter retrospective study with prospective follow-up. Participants were recruited from members of the Pediatric Working Group of the Sleep Research Network including 22 sites across the United States. The main outcomes were monthly and yearly incident cases of childhood narcolepsy in the United States, and its relationship to historical H1N1 influenza data. A total of 950 participants were included in the analysis; 487 participants were male (51.3%). The mean age at onset of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was 9.6 [+ or -] 3.9 years. Significant trend changes in pediatric narcolepsy incidence based on EDS onset (p < .0001) occurred over the 1998-2016 period, peaking in 2010, reflecting a 1.6-fold increase in narcolepsy incidence. In addition, there was significant seasonal variation in narcolepsy incident cases, with increased cases in spring (p < .05). Crosscorrelation analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between monthly H1N1 infection and monthly narcolepsy incident cases (p = .397, p < .0001) with a lag time of 8 months. We conclude that there is a significant increase in pediatric narcolepsy incidence after the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in the United States. However, the magnitude of increase is lower than reported in European countries and in China. The temporal correlation between monthly H1N1 infection and monthly narcolepsy incidence, suggests that H1N1 infection may be a contributing factor to the increased pediatric narcolepsy incidence after the 2009 H1N1 pandemics. Key words: pediatric narcolepsy; 2009 H1N1 pandemics; narcolepsy incidence; seasonal variation of narcolepsy incidence; risk factors for narcolepsy