학술논문
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Seroprevalence and Reported Coronavirus Disease 2019 Cases in US Children, August 2020-May 2021
MAJOR ARTICLE
MAJOR ARTICLE
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Couture, Alexia; Lyons, B. Casey; Mehrotra, Megha L.; Sosa, Lynn; Ezike, Ngozi; Ahmed, Farah S.; Brown, Catherine M.; Yendell, Stephanie; Azzam, Ihsan A.; Katic, Bozena J.; Cope, Anna; Dickerson, Kristen; Stone, Jolianne; Traxler, L. Brannon; Dunn, John R.; Davis, Lora B.; Reed, Carrie; Clarke, Kristie E.N.; Flannery, Brendan; Charles, Myrna D.
Source
Open Forum Infectious Diseases. March 2022, Vol. 9 Issue 3
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2328-8957
Abstract
As of January 2022, children and adolescents aged 0-17 years accounted for 16% of >45 million individual confirmed and probable cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reported since January 2020 [...]
Background. Case-based surveillance of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases underestimates the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections among children and adolescents. Our objectives were to estimate monthly SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence and calculate ratios of SARS-CoV-2 infections to reported COVID-19 cases among children and adolescents in 8 US states. Methods. Using data from the Nationwide Commercial Laboratory Seroprevalence Survey, we estimated monthly SARS- CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence among children aged 0-17 years from August 2020 through May 2021. We calculated and compared cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection extrapolated from population-standardized seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, cumulative COVID-19 case reports since March 2020, and infection-to-case ratios among persons of all ages and children aged 0-17 years for each state. Results. Of 41 583 residual serum specimens tested, children aged 0-4, 5-11, and 12-17 years accounted for 1619 (3.9%), 10 507 (25.3%), and 29 457 (70.8%), respectively. Median SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence among children increased from 8% (range, 6%-20%) in August 2020 to 37% (range, 26%-44%) in May 2021. Estimated ratios of SARS-CoV-2 infections to reported COVID-19 cases in May 2021 ranged by state from 4.7-8.9 among children and adolescents to 2.2-3.9 for all ages combined. Conclusions. Through May 2021 in selected states, the majority of children with serum specimens included in serosurveys did not have evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case-based surveillance underestimated the number of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 more than among all ages. Continued monitoring of pediatric SARS-CoV- 2 antibody seroprevalence should inform prevention and vaccination strategies. Keywords. COVID-19; infection; pediatric; SARS-CoV-2; seroprevalence; surveillance.
Background. Case-based surveillance of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases underestimates the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections among children and adolescents. Our objectives were to estimate monthly SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence and calculate ratios of SARS-CoV-2 infections to reported COVID-19 cases among children and adolescents in 8 US states. Methods. Using data from the Nationwide Commercial Laboratory Seroprevalence Survey, we estimated monthly SARS- CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence among children aged 0-17 years from August 2020 through May 2021. We calculated and compared cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection extrapolated from population-standardized seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, cumulative COVID-19 case reports since March 2020, and infection-to-case ratios among persons of all ages and children aged 0-17 years for each state. Results. Of 41 583 residual serum specimens tested, children aged 0-4, 5-11, and 12-17 years accounted for 1619 (3.9%), 10 507 (25.3%), and 29 457 (70.8%), respectively. Median SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence among children increased from 8% (range, 6%-20%) in August 2020 to 37% (range, 26%-44%) in May 2021. Estimated ratios of SARS-CoV-2 infections to reported COVID-19 cases in May 2021 ranged by state from 4.7-8.9 among children and adolescents to 2.2-3.9 for all ages combined. Conclusions. Through May 2021 in selected states, the majority of children with serum specimens included in serosurveys did not have evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case-based surveillance underestimated the number of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 more than among all ages. Continued monitoring of pediatric SARS-CoV- 2 antibody seroprevalence should inform prevention and vaccination strategies. Keywords. COVID-19; infection; pediatric; SARS-CoV-2; seroprevalence; surveillance.