학술논문
Nová klasifikace nádorů a lézí prsu, jejich hormonální senzitivita a naše možnosti prevence
New classification of breast tumors and lesions, their hormonal sensitivity a and our possibilities of prevention
New classification of breast tumors and lesions, their hormonal sensitivity a and our possibilities of prevention
Document Type
Text
Author
Source
Praktická gynekologie : moderní časopis pro gynekology a porodníky | 2015 Volume:19 | Number:1
Subject
Language
Czech
Abstract
Molekulárně-genetickou profilací bylo v nedávné době určeno 5 podtypů karcinomu prsu (luminální A, B, basal-like, HER2-pozitivní a normal breast like). Dalším výzkumem bylo prokázáno, že estrogen receptor pozitivní (ER+) a estrogen receptor negativní (ER-) léze prsu a karcinomy mají odlišné genetické aberace. ER+-nádory jsou luminální, low-grade léze obvykle s dobrou prognózou, zatímco ER- -nádory jsou agresivní, high-grade léze s nepříznivou odezvou na léčbu a prognózou. Uvádí se, že mamografický screening snižuje riziko mortality na karcinom prsu o 30 %, avšak po přehodnocení je toto snížení odhadováno na 15 %. Mamografický screening je efektivní u pomalu rostoucích, luminálních karcinomů, avšak rychle rostoucí, high-grade nádory mohou uniknout mamografickému screeningu. Některé z těchto nádorů jsou tak agresivní, že i „včasná” detekce je pozdní a ženy umírají. Vzhledem k tomu, že od mamografického screeningu nelze očekávat další snížení mortality, je uveden přehled současných možností chemoprevence ER+ a ER- -nádory prsu. Klíčová slova: klasifikace nádorů a lézí prsu – hormonální senzitivita nádorů prsu – prevence nádorů prsu
During the last years five molecular subtypes of breast cancers have been characterized by molecular-genetic profiling (luminal A, B basal like, HER2 positive and normal breast like cancers). It has become apparent that estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast lesions and cancers are distinct disease with different genomic aberrations. ER+ cancers are luminal, low-grade lesions, usually with good prognosis, but ER- cancers are aggressive, high-grade lesions with a poor response to therapy and poor outcomes. It has been claimed that mammography screening reduces breast cancer mortality by 30%, but through systematic reviews have estimated only 15% reduction. Mammographic screening is effective in the group of slowly growing, luminal cancers; however high-grade, rapid growing cancers would escape from screening interval. Some of these cancers are so aggressive that even “early” detection is too late, woman dies despite detection by mammography. In fact, that we can´t expect next reduction of breast cancer mortality by mammographic screening, therefore our possibilities with chemoprevention of ER+ and ER+ cancer have been reviewed. Key words: classification of breast tumors and lesions – hormonal sensitivity of breast tumors – prevention of breast tumors
doc. MUDr. Pavel Strnad, CSc.
During the last years five molecular subtypes of breast cancers have been characterized by molecular-genetic profiling (luminal A, B basal like, HER2 positive and normal breast like cancers). It has become apparent that estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast lesions and cancers are distinct disease with different genomic aberrations. ER+ cancers are luminal, low-grade lesions, usually with good prognosis, but ER- cancers are aggressive, high-grade lesions with a poor response to therapy and poor outcomes. It has been claimed that mammography screening reduces breast cancer mortality by 30%, but through systematic reviews have estimated only 15% reduction. Mammographic screening is effective in the group of slowly growing, luminal cancers; however high-grade, rapid growing cancers would escape from screening interval. Some of these cancers are so aggressive that even “early” detection is too late, woman dies despite detection by mammography. In fact, that we can´t expect next reduction of breast cancer mortality by mammographic screening, therefore our possibilities with chemoprevention of ER+ and ER+ cancer have been reviewed. Key words: classification of breast tumors and lesions – hormonal sensitivity of breast tumors – prevention of breast tumors
doc. MUDr. Pavel Strnad, CSc.