학술논문
Utjecaj obrade površine titana dobivenog metalurgijom praha na veznu čvrstoću s obložnom keramikomEffects of surface treatment of powder metallurgy manufactured titanium on bond strength to veneering ceramics
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TEXT
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Source
Subject
Language
Croatian
Abstract
Komercijalno čisti titan (CP Ti) dobiven hladnim izostatičkim i toplo-vakuumskim tlačenjem (CIP/HVP) postupcima metalurgije praha (PM) dosad nije korišten u stomatološkoj protetici. Svrha je istraživanja istražiti utjecaj obrade površine osnovne konstrukcije iz CP Ti dobivenog postupcima PM na veznu čvrstoću s tri obložne keramike te istražiti mehanička svojstva CP Ti dobivenog PM. Istraživanje je provedeno na 120 uzoraka CP Ti dobivenog metalurgijom praha izrezanih na erozimatu podijeljenih u pet skupina prema načinu obrade površine: 1. neobrađena; 2. pjeskarena Al2O3; 3. naneseno vezno sredstvo; 4. pjeskarena Al2O3 i naneseno vezno sredstvo; 5. djelovanje klorovodične kiseline. Svaka skupina podijeljena je u tri podskupine po osam uzoraka te je na njih napečena određena obložna keramika. Testiranje i izračun vezne čvrstoće provedeni su prema ISO 9693. Površina uzoraka prije i poslije obrade te nakon napečenja keramike i provedenog loma snimljena je SEM-om, EDS-om, izmjerena je hrapavost površine profilometrom te je analizirana površinska struktura XRD-om. Rezultati su pokazali da su mehanička svojstva CP Ti/PM usporediva s konvencionalno dobivenim CP Ti i zadovoljavaju za upotrebu u kliničkoj praksi. Također su sve skupine uzoraka osim Initial Ti skupine 1 i Titankeramik skupina 1, 3 i 5 zadovoljile uvjete vrijednosti vezne čvrstoće (> 25 MPa) postavljenih standardom ISO 9693. Za Duceratin Kiss keramiku optimalna obrada površine uključuje pjeskarenje Al2O3 i nanošenje veznog sredstva, dok je za Initial Ti i Titankeramik obložne keramike dovoljno samo pjeskarenje Al2O3. Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika vrijednosti vezne čvrstoće između triju vrsta obložnih keramika. Komercijalno čisti titan dobiven postupcima metalurgije praha pokazuje sva svojstva potrebna za upotrebu u kliničkoj praksi.
Introduction: Commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) manufactured by cold isostatic and hot vacuum pressing (CIP/HVP) processes of powder metallurgy has not been used in prosthodontics. The aim was to evaluate the effects of surface modification of CP Ti substructures manufactured by PM processes on bond strength with three veneering ceramics, and the mechanical properties of CP Ti manufactured by PM. Materials and methods: 120 samples of CP Ti manufactured by PM shaped on WEDM were divided into 5 groups according to surface modifications: 1. untreated; 2. sandblasted (Al2O3); 3. applied bonding agent; 4. sandblasted (Al2O3) and applied bonding agent; 5. etched with hydrochloric acid. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups of 8 samples and veneering ceramics was applied. Bond strength evaluation was done according to ISO 9693. The surface of the samples was evaluated before and after modifications, after applying veneering ceramics and bond strength testing with SEM, EDS, the roughness was measured with a profilometer, and surface structural analysis was done by XDR. Results: Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed values of Young's module of elasticity (E) 104 GPa, proof strength (Rp0.2) 503 MPa, tensile strength (Rm) 698. Vickers hardness testing showed microhardness values of (HV 0,1) 167. After initial inspection of surface quality, which was satisfactory, bond strength values were measured and the following results were obtained. The results of bond strength testing showed the following values: for the Duceratin Kiss veneering ceramics values range from 25,6 MPa to 41,2 MPa; for the Initial Ti from 12,7 MPa to 38,5 MPa; for the Titankeramik from 17,3 MPa to 38,5 MPa. ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in bond strength values within a group of veneering ceramics for the Duceratin Kiss group 4, the Initial Ti group 2 and the Titankeramik group 2. No statistically significant differences in bond strength values were found between the veneering ceramics. The SEM, EDS and XRD analyses of samples showed predominantly adhesive fractures between veneering ceramics and metal samples. Surface roughness showed significantly higher values of roughness parameter Ra, Rz and Rmax for sandblasted samples. Pearson correlation coefficient between surface roughness and bond strength values was: the Duceratin Kiss r235 %, the Initial Ti r260 % and the Titankeramik r282 %. Conclusion: CP Ti manufactured by PM can be used in prosthodontics as a metal base material in metal ceramic systems.
Introduction: Commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) manufactured by cold isostatic and hot vacuum pressing (CIP/HVP) processes of powder metallurgy has not been used in prosthodontics. The aim was to evaluate the effects of surface modification of CP Ti substructures manufactured by PM processes on bond strength with three veneering ceramics, and the mechanical properties of CP Ti manufactured by PM. Materials and methods: 120 samples of CP Ti manufactured by PM shaped on WEDM were divided into 5 groups according to surface modifications: 1. untreated; 2. sandblasted (Al2O3); 3. applied bonding agent; 4. sandblasted (Al2O3) and applied bonding agent; 5. etched with hydrochloric acid. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups of 8 samples and veneering ceramics was applied. Bond strength evaluation was done according to ISO 9693. The surface of the samples was evaluated before and after modifications, after applying veneering ceramics and bond strength testing with SEM, EDS, the roughness was measured with a profilometer, and surface structural analysis was done by XDR. Results: Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed values of Young's module of elasticity (E) 104 GPa, proof strength (Rp0.2) 503 MPa, tensile strength (Rm) 698. Vickers hardness testing showed microhardness values of (HV 0,1) 167. After initial inspection of surface quality, which was satisfactory, bond strength values were measured and the following results were obtained. The results of bond strength testing showed the following values: for the Duceratin Kiss veneering ceramics values range from 25,6 MPa to 41,2 MPa; for the Initial Ti from 12,7 MPa to 38,5 MPa; for the Titankeramik from 17,3 MPa to 38,5 MPa. ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in bond strength values within a group of veneering ceramics for the Duceratin Kiss group 4, the Initial Ti group 2 and the Titankeramik group 2. No statistically significant differences in bond strength values were found between the veneering ceramics. The SEM, EDS and XRD analyses of samples showed predominantly adhesive fractures between veneering ceramics and metal samples. Surface roughness showed significantly higher values of roughness parameter Ra, Rz and Rmax for sandblasted samples. Pearson correlation coefficient between surface roughness and bond strength values was: the Duceratin Kiss r235 %, the Initial Ti r260 % and the Titankeramik r282 %. Conclusion: CP Ti manufactured by PM can be used in prosthodontics as a metal base material in metal ceramic systems.