부산대학교 도서관

The Song dynasty had established and developed the cupper currency standard. And the Song dynasty issued the paper money and circulated the money. The Song dynasty issued the largest amount of metal money in China and used world’s first paper money. It can be said that the Song’s currency accounts a large part of Chinese history. The increase of currency issuance and the using of the large denomination bill means the development of the commodity market and the growth of the economic scale in the Song dynasty. Also the Song dynasty used not only cupper currency but also gold, silver and iron coin. The Song’s coin was flowed out abroad. The outflow of the Song’s coin was done by land and sea. By overland route, it was flowed out to the Liao and Jin dynasty. And by sea route, it was flowed out to Goryeo, Japan and Southeast Asia area. The outflow by sea route was centered around harbors. The southern Song dynasty did not enforce the monetary policy to prevent the outflow of coin by special maritime trade supervisorates(shibosi, trading-ship-offices). Then the southern Song dynasty enacted and enforced the several policies to prevent the coin’s outflow. The outflow of the Song’s coin was possible because there were the demands overseas. Since the northern Song dynasty, it was illegal to flow out the coin abroad. The illegal outflow of the Song’s coin is proof of the demands from neighboring countries. The neighboring countries had its own internal affairs, because the abroad demands of the Song’s coin was deeply influenced the monetary policies in the neighboring countries. Throughout the period of the Song dynasty, the outflow of the Song’s coin was done through the multi channel as officers and merchants by land and sea. This shows that the Song’s coin had been extensively flowed out abroad. As previously mentioned, the outflow of the Song’s coin was possible because there was the Song dynasty’s internal affairs and the demands of the neighboring countries. The Song dynasty grasped the influence of the Song’s coin’s outflow quite early on, enforced several monetary policies and punished the crimes severely. But the Song’s coin was valued higher in the outside than in the inside. This allowed people to flow out the Song’s coin in spite of heavy punishment. From 10th century to 13th century, the Song’s coin outflow shows that the Song dynasty’s economy largely influenced the East Asia’s economy. And the neighboring countries such as Liao, Jin, Goryeo and Japan that flowed in the Song’s coin was largely influenced their own coinage and monetary policies.