학술논문

A Single-Ended NRZ Receiver With Gain-Enhanced Active-Inductive CTLE and Reference-Selection DFE for Memory Interfaces
Document Type
Periodical
Source
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of. 59(4):1261-1270 Apr, 2024
Subject
Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems
Engineered Materials, Dielectrics and Plasmas
Computing and Processing
Decision feedback equalizers
Active inductors
Receivers
Gain
Impedance
Artificial intelligence
Frequency response
Active inductor
continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE)
decision-feedback equalizer (DFE)
memory interface
receiver
single-ended signaling
Language
ISSN
0018-9200
1558-173X
Abstract
We have proposed an 18-Gb/s single-ended receiver with gain-enhanced active-inductive (GE-AI) continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) and reference-selection (RS) decision-feedback equalizer (DFE). The proposed equalizers were optimized for single-ended memory interfaces. The GE-AI CTLE amplified the signal swing and obtained a boost factor from shunt peaking. In addition, it eliminated a single-to-differential amplifier (S2D) and amplifying stage from the analog front-end (AFE). The RS DFE extended the sampling margin without a current source for power saving without bandwidth reduction of the data path. A faster DFE loop delay was achieved with direct feedback from the comparator output to the RS MUX. The proposed receiver is the first work to employ the single-ended CTLE and DFE simultaneously. The implemented receiver equalizers compensated for the −15-dB channel loss at 18 Gb/s. Optimized for the single-ended memory interfaces, the receiver achieved the highest energy efficiency of 0.14 pJ/bit and the best figure-of-merit (FoM) of 0.009 pJ/bit/dB compared with the latest receivers.