학술논문
A Scalable 32–56 Gb/s 0.56–1.28 pJ/b Voltage-Mode VCSEL-Based Optical Transmitter in 28-nm CMOS
Document Type
Periodical
Author
Source
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of. 57(3):757-766 Mar, 2022
Subject
Language
ISSN
0018-9200
1558-173X
1558-173X
Abstract
An optical transmitter (TX) data path is demonstrated in 28-nm CMOS which drives an 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) up to 56 Gb/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ). A dc-coupled single-ended voltage-mode driver employs area- and energy-efficient equalization techniques including slew-rate-based pulse-shaping at $> 2\times $ more energy- and area-efficient than optical TXs reported to date. The highly digital circuit architecture enables the supply scalability to 0.7 and 0.85 V to operate the TX at 32 and 40 Gb/s at 0.56 and 0.77 pJ/b, respectively, which is $\ge 4\times $ more energy-efficient than the prior art.