부산대학교 도서관

Dense low-power small cell base station (SBS)-based heterogeneous wireless cellular networks (HetNets) have attracted much attention to achieving high-traffic density and peak rate performance. However, the serious energy consumption problem is still a challenge for HetNets. The use of renewable energy (RE) has been considered as one promising solution for the above problem. This article proposes an energy trading scheme among base stations in RE-based HetNets. All SBSs in HetNets are considered as either the energy demander (SBS-ED) or the energy supplier (SBS-ES) based on their abilities in producing RE, and the macro base station (MBS) works as the energy trading manager to control the trading price. A dynamic evolutionary game-based energy trading model between SBS-ES and SBS-ED is established to achieve cooperative energy trading, and the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) of the proposed model is analyzed. The pricing mechanism of MBS is also investigated, which can effectually affect the EES performance of the proposed model. It is concluded that the MBS’s strategy in the trading price can affect the energy trading strategies of the SBSs. An energy transmission model is proposed, and the minimum energy loss is considered as the goal to obtain the optimal solutions. Numerical results are given to prove the validity and correctness of our proposed method.