학술논문
Impact of Electric Vehicle On-Board Single-Phase Charging Strategies on a Flemish Residential Grid
Document Type
Periodical
Author
Source
IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid IEEE Trans. Smart Grid Smart Grid, IEEE Transactions on. 5(4):1815-1822 Jul, 2014
Subject
Language
ISSN
1949-3053
1949-3061
1949-3061
Abstract
This paper quantifies the impact of single-phase on-board charging strategies for electric vehicles (EVs) in a case study of a heavily loaded unbalanced Flemish three-phase low-voltage residential grid. Voltage droop charging and EV-based peak shaving, which do not need communication with the distribution grid, are modeled and the results are compared. The grid voltages are analyzed according to the probabilistic and deterministic limits of the EN50160 standard, for a 100% EV penetration rate. The impact on the EV user comfort is evaluated in terms of charging time and electrically driven distances. The chosen voltage droop charging eliminates critical voltages below 0.85 pu and reduces voltage unbalance, with a limited impact on the total charging time. EV-based peak shaving makes the grid fully compliant with EN50160 and avoids the need for an infrastructure upgrade. The electrically driven distances are not influenced by the charging strategies.