학술논문
Detection and Prevention of Unintentional Formation of Loops in Self-Healing Power Systems and Microgrids
Document Type
Periodical
Author
Source
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery IEEE Trans. Power Delivery Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on. 38(4):2682-2691 Aug, 2023
Subject
Language
ISSN
0885-8977
1937-4208
1937-4208
Abstract
Self-healing or self-assembling power systems that rely on local measurements for decision making can provide significant resilience benefits, but they also must include safeguards that prevent the system from self-assembling into an undesirable configuration. One potential undesirable configuration would be the formation of closed loops for which the system was not designed, a situation that can arise any time that two intentional-island systems can be connected in more than one place, e.g., if tie-line breakers are included in the self-assembling system. This paper discusses the unintentional loop formation problem in self-assembling systems and presents a method for mitigating it. This method involves calculating the correlation or the mean absolute error (MAE) between the two local frequency measurements made on either side of a line relay. The correlation and MAE between these frequencies changes significantly between the loop and non-loop cases, and this difference can be used for loop detection. This article presents and explains the method in detail, presents evidence that the method's underlying assumptions are valid, and demonstrates in PSCAD two implementations of the method. The paper concludes with a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed method.