부산대학교 도서관

The Underwater sensor network (UWSN), also known as Marine Sensor Network (MSN), is gaining increasing attention due to its applications in the monitoring of the marine environment and assisting Marine Intelligent Transportation Systems (MITS). Such systems provide in-vehicle assistance services (i.e., traffic monitoring and driver alerts) by gathering transportation and environmental information. Though very promising, there are several barriers to developing energy-efficient communication protocols for heterogeneous MSN, including selecting optimal routing paths twinned with the lifetime of these sensor nodes along the path, which are restricted due to the limited energy storage capacity. Hereby, the selection of an optimal route path also necessitates harvesting and management of the sensor nodes’ energy. To facilitate this, the current work presents REER-H, a Reliable Energy Efficient Routing protocol with Harvesting for cluster-based MSN capable of multi-source energy harvesting and an incorporated energy management technique. Incorporating three separate layers of the protocol stack, namely, network, MAC, and physical layers, REER-H uses its proposed adaptive scheduling technique to support collision-free data transmission by assigning adaptive time slots based on demand and data load. Also, the proposed integrated energy harvesting and management solves the energy hole problem and enhances the overall network lifetime. In comparison to the existing cooperative and cluster-based energy-efficient routing protocols for underwater maritime communication, the simulated results using Network Simulator-3 (NS3) reveal that the proposed scheme remarkably enhances the overall network performance in terms of packet delivery ratio, throughput, lifetime energy consumption, and end-to-end delay for MSN.