학술논문
6.5 A 400Gb/s Transceiver for PAM-4 Optical Direct-Detect Application in 16nm FinFET
Document Type
Conference
Author
Loi, C.; Mellati, A.; Tan, A.; Farhoodfar, A.; Tiruvur, A.; Helal, B.; Killips, B.; Rad, F.; Riani, J.; Pernillo, J.; Sun, J.; Wong, J.; Abdelhalim, K.; Gopalakrishnan, K.; Kim, K.; Tse, L.; Davoodi, M.; Le, M.; Zhang, M.; Talegaonkar, M.; Prabha, P.; Mohanavelu, R.; Chong, S.; Forey, S.; Netto, S.; Bhoja, S.; Liew, W.; Duan, Y.; Liao, Y.
Source
2019 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC) Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC), 2019 IEEE International. :120-122 Feb, 2019
Subject
Language
ISSN
2376-8606
Abstract
PAM-4 has become the mainstream modulation format for short-reach ($\lt2$ km) optical interconnects at data rates of 50Gb/s and above [1, 2]. For more efficient utilization of optical bandwidth in large-scale data centers, data rates of 100Gb/s per wavelength are required. This data rate imposes aggressive requirements on transceiver bandwidth (BW) and jitter. In addition, due to thermal constraints, transceivers must consume low power to help meet optical module power budgets specified by the multisource agreements (MSA) such as QSFP-DD and OSFP. This paper presents a low-power and low-jitter 4 × 100Gb/s transceiver for PAM-4 optical interconnects.