학술논문

Radiation-Induced Dose and Single Event Effects in Digital CMOS Image Sensors
Document Type
Periodical
Source
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. Nuclear Science, IEEE Transactions on. 61(6):3331-3340 Dec, 2014
Subject
Nuclear Engineering
Bioengineering
Dark current
Ionizing radiation
Radiation effects
Silicon
CMOS image sensors
Active pixel sensors
Photodiodes
Single event transients
Active pixel sensor (APS)
CMOS image sensor (CIS)
%24{{%5Crm+D}%5F{%5Crm+d}}%24<%2Ftex><%2Fformula>%29+dose%22">displacement damage ( ${{\rm D}_{\rm d}}$) dose
monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS)
pinned photodiode (PPD)
random telegraph signal (RTS)
single event effects (SET)
total ionizing dose (TID)
Language
ISSN
0018-9499
1558-1578
Abstract
This paper focuses on radiation-induced dose and single event effects in digital CMOS image sensors using pinned photodiodes. Proton irradiations were used to study cumulative effects. As previously observed, the dark current is the main electrical parameter affected by protons. The mean dark current increase appears proportional to Srour’s universal damage factor. Therefore, the degradation is mainly attributed to displacement damage in the pinned photodiode. Heavy ion tests are also reported in this work. This study focuses on single event effects in digital CMOS imagers using numerous electronic functions such as column ADCs, a state machine and registers. Single event transients, upsets and latchups are observed and analyzed. The cross sections of these single events are transposed to specific space imaging missions in order to show that the digital functions can fit the mission requirements despite these perturbations.