학술논문

Small Extracellular Vesicles and Oxidative Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Retinal Degenerative Diseases
Document Type
article
Source
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 3, p 1618 (2024)
Subject
exosomes
retinal diseases
oxidative stress
autophagy
microRNAs
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Language
English
ISSN
1422-0067
1661-6596
Abstract
This review focuses on the role of small extracellular vesicles in the pathophysiological mechanisms of retinal degenerative diseases. Many of these mechanisms are related to or modulated by the oxidative burden of retinal cells. It has been recently demonstrated that cellular communication in the retina involves extracellular vesicles and that their rate of release and cargo features might be affected by the cellular environment, and in some instances, they might also be mediated by autophagy. The fate of these vesicles is diverse: they could end up in circulation being used as markers, or target neighbor cells modulating gene and protein expression, or eventually, in angiogenesis. Neovascularization in the retina promotes vision loss in diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The importance of micro RNAs, either as small extracellular vesicles’ cargo or free circulating, in the regulation of retinal angiogenesis is also discussed.