학술논문
Viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in body fluids associated with sexual activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Document Type
article
Author
Moazzam Ali; Mercedes Bonet; Caron Kim; Nathalie Broutet; Lianne Gonsalves; Melanie Taylor; Edna Kara; Anna Thorson; Soe Soe Thwin; Rodolfo Gomez Ponce de Leon; Armando Humberto Seuc; Guilherme Amaral Calvet; Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de Oliveira; Maité Cabrera Gámez; Gilda Monteagudo Peña; Bertha Victoria Rodríguez Pendás; Manuel Gómez Alzugaray; Gisel Ovies Carballo; Duniesky Cintra Cala; Patrícia Machado Quintaes Guimarães
Source
BMJ Open, Vol 14, Iss 2 (2024)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2044-6055
Abstract
Objective To identify and summarise the evidence on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA detection and persistence in body fluids associated with sexual activity (saliva, semen, vaginal secretion, urine and faeces/rectal secretion).Eligibility All studies that reported detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva, semen, vaginal secretion, urine and faeces/rectal swabs.Information sources The WHO COVID-19 database from inception to 20 April 2022.Risk of bias assessment The National Institutes of Health tools.Synthesis of results The proportion of patients with positive results for SARS-CoV-2 and the proportion of patients with a viral duration/persistence of at least 14 days in each fluid was calculated using fixed or random effects models.Included studies A total of 182 studies with 10 023 participants.Results The combined proportion of individuals with detection of SARS-CoV-2 was 82.6% (95% CI: 68.8% to 91.0%) in saliva, 1.6% (95% CI: 0.9% to 2.6%) in semen, 2.7% (95% CI: 1.8% to 4.0%) in vaginal secretion, 3.8% (95% CI: 1.9% to 7.6%) in urine and 31.8% (95% CI: 26.4% to 37.7%) in faeces/rectal swabs. The maximum viral persistence for faeces/rectal secretions was 210 days, followed by semen 121 days, saliva 112 days, urine 77 days and vaginal secretions 13 days. Culturable SARS-CoV-2 was positive for saliva and faeces.Limitations Scarcity of longitudinal studies with follow-up until negative results.Interpretation SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in all fluids associated with sexual activity but was rare in semen and vaginal secretions. Ongoing droplet precautions and awareness of the potential risk of contact with faecal matter/rectal mucosa are needed.PROSPERO registration number CRD42020204741.