학술논문
Clinical guidelines for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: summary statements and recommendations from the Italian Society for Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Document Type
article
Author
Umberto Tarantino; Giovanni Iolascon; Luisella Cianferotti; Laura Masi; Gemma Marcucci; Francesca Giusti; Francesca Marini; Simone Parri; Maurizio Feola; Cecilia Rao; Eleonora Piccirilli; Emanuela Basilici Zanetti; Noemi Cittadini; Rosaria Alvaro; Antimo Moretti; Dario Calafiore; Giuseppe Toro; Francesca Gimigliano; Giuseppina Resmini; Maria Luisa Brandi
Source
Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Vol 18, Iss S1, Pp 3-36 (2017)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1590-9921
1590-9999
1590-9999
Abstract
Abstract Background The Italian Society for Orthopaedics and Traumatology conceived this guidance—which is primarily addressed to Italian orthopedic surgeons, but should also prove useful to other bone specialists and to general practitioners—in order to improve the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis and its consequences. Materials and methods Literature reviews by a multidisciplinary team. Results The following topics are covered: the role of instrumental, metabolic, and genetic evaluations in the diagnosis of osteoporosis; appraisal of the risk of fracture and thresholds for intervention; general strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (primary and secondary prevention); the pharmacologic treatment of osteoporosis; the setting and implementation of fracture liaison services for tertiary prevention. Grade A, B, and C recommendations are provided based on the main levels of evidence (1–3). Toolboxes for everyday clinical practice are provided. Conclusions The first up-to-date Italian guidelines for the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are presented.