학술논문
mRNA COVID-19 vaccine elicits potent adaptive immune response without the acute inflammation of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Document Type
article
Author
Ellie N. Ivanova; Jasmine Shwetar; Joseph C. Devlin; Terkild B. Buus; Sophie Gray-Gaillard; Akiko Koide; Amber Cornelius; Marie I. Samanovic; Alberto Herrera; Eleni P. Mimitou; Chenzhen Zhang; Trishala Karmacharya; Ludovic Desvignes; Niels Ødum; Peter Smibert; Robert J. Ulrich; Mark J. Mulligan; Shohei Koide; Kelly V. Ruggles; Ramin S. Herati; Sergei B. Koralov
Source
iScience, Vol 26, Iss 12, Pp 108572- (2023)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2589-0042
Abstract
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination elicit potent immune responses. Our study presents a comprehensive multimodal single-cell analysis of blood from COVID-19 patients and healthy volunteers receiving the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and booster. We profiled immune responses via transcriptional analysis and lymphocyte repertoire reconstruction. COVID-19 patients displayed an enhanced interferon signature and cytotoxic gene upregulation, absent in vaccine recipients. B and T cell repertoire analysis revealed clonal expansion among effector cells in COVID-19 patients and memory cells in vaccine recipients. Furthermore, while clonal αβ T cell responses were observed in both COVID-19 patients and vaccine recipients, expansion of clonal γδ T cells was found only in infected individuals. Our dataset enables side-by-side comparison of immune responses to infection versus vaccination, including clonal B and T cell responses. Our comparative analysis shows that vaccination induces a robust, durable clonal B and T cell responses, without the severe inflammation associated with infection.