학술논문
Selected commensals educate the intestinal vascular and immune system for immunocompetence
Document Type
article
Author
Rossana Romero; Agnieszka Zarzycka; Mathieu Preussner; Florence Fischer; Torsten Hain; Jan-Paul Herrmann; Katrin Roth; Corinna U. Keber; Kushal Suryamohan; Hartmann Raifer; Maik Luu; Hanna Leister; Wilhelm Bertrams; Matthias Klein; Hosam Shams-Eldin; Ralf Jacob; Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf; Krishnaraj Rajalingam; Alexander Visekruna; Ulrich Steinhoff
Source
Microbiome, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2022)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2049-2618
Abstract
Abstract Background The intestinal microbiota fundamentally guides the development of a normal intestinal physiology, the education, and functioning of the mucosal immune system. The Citrobacter rodentium-carrier model in germ-free (GF) mice is suitable to study the influence of selected microbes on an otherwise blunted immune response in the absence of intestinal commensals. Results Here, we describe that colonization of adult carrier mice with 14 selected commensal microbes (OMM12 + MC2) was sufficient to reestablish the host immune response to enteric pathogens; this conversion was facilitated by maturation and activation of the intestinal blood vessel system and the step- and timewise stimulation of innate and adaptive immunity. While the immature colon of C. rodentium-infected GF mice did not allow sufficient extravasation of neutrophils into the gut lumen, colonization with OMM12 + MC2 commensals initiated the expansion and activation of the visceral vascular system enabling granulocyte transmigration into the gut lumen for effective pathogen elimination. Conclusions Consortium modeling revealed that the addition of two facultative anaerobes to the OMM12 community was essential to further progress the intestinal development. Moreover, this study demonstrates the therapeutic value of a defined consortium to promote intestinal maturation and immunity even in adult organisms. Video Abstract