학술논문
Clinical Factors Associated with Reinfection versus Relapse in Infective Endocarditis: Prospective Cohort Study
Document Type
article
Author
Jorge Calderón-Parra; Martha Kestler; Antonio Ramos-Martínez; Emilio Bouza; Maricela Valerio; Arístides de Alarcón; Rafael Luque; Miguel Ángel Goenaga; Tomás Echeverría; Mª Carmen Fariñas; Juan M. Pericàs; Guillermo Ojeda-Burgos; Ana Fernández-Cruz; Antonio Plata; David Vinuesa; Patricia Muñoz; on behalf of the GAMES Investigators
Source
Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 4, p 748 (2021)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2077-0383
Abstract
We aimed to identify clinical factors associated with recurrent infective endocarditis (IE) episodes. The clinical characteristics of 2816 consecutive patients with definite IE (January 2008–2018) were compared according to the development of a second episode of IE. A total of 2152 out of 2282 (94.3%) patients, who were discharged alive and followed-up for at least the first year, presented a single episode of IE, whereas 130 patients (5.7%) presented a recurrence; 70 cases (53.8%) were due to other microorganisms (reinfection), and 60 cases (46.2%) were due to the same microorganism causing the first episode. Thirty-eight patients (29.2%), whose recurrence was due to the same microorganism, were diagnosed during the first 6 months of follow-up and were considered relapses. Relapses were associated with nosocomial endocarditis (OR: 2.67 (95% CI: 1.37–5.29)), enterococci (OR: 3.01 (95% CI: 1.51–6.01)), persistent bacteremia (OR: 2.37 (95% CI: 1.05–5.36)), and surgical treatment (OR: 0.23 (0.1–0.53)). On the other hand, episodes of reinfection were more common in patients with chronic liver disease (OR: 3.1 (95% CI: 1.65–5.83)) and prosthetic endocarditis (OR: 1.71 (95% CI: 1.04–2.82)). The clinical factors associated with reinfection and relapse in patients with IE appear to be different. A better understanding of these factors would allow the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.