학술논문
Impact of social distancing from the COVID-19 pandemic on the immuno-inflammatory response of older adults
Document Type
article
Author
Giulia Beletato Nery; Carlos Ariel Rodrigues de Araujo; Giovanna Beatriz da Silva; Helena Bittar; Valéria Pacheco Bordallo; Jônatas B. Amaral; Markus Hardt; Luciana Marti; Alexander Birbrair; Manuel Jimenez; Marta Ferreira Bastos; Luiz Henrique Silva Nali; Priscila Larcher Longo; Gilberto Candido Laurentino; André L. L. Bachi; Debora Heller
Source
BMC Geriatrics, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2024)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1471-2318
Abstract
Abstract Background Older adults, as the population considered at increased risk for severe COVID-19, were the most impacted by social isolation. Thus, this study aimed to assess the salivary immune/inflammatory response of older adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cohort of 11 older adults (mean age 66.8 ± 6.1) was followed at three different time points: before (S1) and after 6 (S2) and 20 months (S3) of the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Unstimulated saliva samples were obtained to assess the levels of antibodies (secretory IgA, IgG and IgM) by ELISA and cytokines (IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10, TSLP, IFN-γ, TNF-α) by multiplex analysis. Significant differences were evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's post-test. Results None volunteer presented periodontal disease or caries. All volunteers received at least two doses of the COVID-19 vaccines after S2 and before S3. A tendency to increase salivary levels of SIgA and IgM at S2 and of IgG at S3 were observed compared to the values found at S1 and S2. Significantly decreased levels of IL-2 and IL-5 were found at S2 and S3 (p