학술논문

The colony forming efficiency assay for toxicity testing of nanomaterials—Modifications for higher-throughput
Document Type
article
Source
Frontiers in Toxicology, Vol 4 (2022)
Subject
nanomaterials
cytotoxicity
cell viability
colony formation
CFE
12-well format
Toxicology. Poisons
RA1190-1270
Language
English
ISSN
2673-3080
Abstract
To cope with the high number of nanomaterials manufactured, it is essential to develop high-throughput methods for in vitro toxicity screening. At the same time, the issue with interference of the nanomaterial (NM) with the read-out or the reagent of the assay needs to be addressed to avoid biased results. Thus, validated label-free methods are urgently needed for hazard identification of NMs to avoid unintended adverse effects on human health. The colony forming efficiency (CFE) assay is a label- and interference-free method for quantification of cytotoxicity by cell survival and colony forming efficiency by CFE formation. The CFE has shown to be compatible with toxicity testing of NMs. Here we present an optimized protocol for a higher-throughput set up.