학술논문
A mass vaccination campaign targeting adults and children to prevent typhoid fever in Hechi; Expanding the use of Vi polysaccharide vaccine in Southeast China: A cluster-randomized trial
Document Type
article
Author
Yang Hong-hui; Liang Gui-chen; Ivanoff Bernard; Ali Mohammad; Park Jin-Kyung; Gong Jian; Tang Zhen-zhu; Tan Dong-mei; Wang Ming-liu; Liao He-zhuang; Zhou Bao-de; Zhang Jie; Danovaro-Holliday M Carolina; Page Anne-Laure; Ochiai R Leon; Liang Da-bin; Li Cui-yun; Zeng Jun; Si Guo-ai; Acosta Camilo J; Yang Jin; Pang Tikki; Xu Zhi-yi; Donner Allan; Galindo Claudia M; Dong Bai-qing; Clemens John D
Source
BMC Public Health, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 49 (2005)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1471-2458
Abstract
Abstract Background One of the goals of this study was to learn the coverage, safety and logistics of a mass vaccination campaign against typhoid fever in children and adults using locally produced typhoid Vi polysaccharide (PS) and group A meningococcal PS vaccines in southern China. Methods The vaccination campaign targeted 118,588 persons in Hechi, Guangxi Province, aged between 5 to 60 years, in 2003. The study area was divided into 107 geographic clusters, which were randomly allocated to receive one of the single-dose parenteral vaccines. All aspects regarding vaccination logistics, feasibility and safety were documented and systematically recorded. Results of the logistics, feasibility and safety are reported. Results The campaign lasted 5 weeks and the overall vaccination coverage was 78%. On average, the 30 vaccine teams gave immunizations on 23 days. Vaccine rates were higher in those aged ≤ 15 years (90%) than in adolescents and young adults (70%). Planned mop-up activities increased the coverage by 17%. The overall vaccine wastage was 11%. The cold chain was maintained and documented. 66 individuals reported of adverse events out of all vaccinees, where fever (21%), malaise (19%) and local redness (19%) were the major symptoms; no life-threatening event occurred. Three needle-sharp events were reported. Conclusion The mass immunization proved feasible and safe, and vaccine coverage was high. Emphasis should be placed on: injection safety measures, community involvement and incorporation of mop-up strategies into any vaccination campaign. School-based and all-age Vi mass immunizations programs are potentially important public health strategies for prevention of typhoid fever in high-risk populations in southern China.