학술논문
Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A National, ENEIDA-Based Case–Control Study (COVID-19-EII)
Document Type
article
Author
Yamile Zabana; Ignacio Marín-Jiménez; Iago Rodríguez-Lago; Isabel Vera; María Dolores Martín-Arranz; Iván Guerra; Javier P. Gisbert; Francisco Mesonero; Olga Benítez; Carlos Taxonera; Ángel Ponferrada-Díaz; Marta Piqueras; Alfredo J. Lucendo; Berta Caballol; Míriam Mañosa; Pilar Martínez-Montiel; Maia Bosca-Watts; Jordi Gordillo; Luis Bujanda; Noemí Manceñido; Teresa Martínez-Pérez; Alicia López; Cristina Rodríguez-Gutiérrez; Santiago García-López; Pablo Vega; Montserrat Rivero; Luigi Melcarne; María Calvo; Marisa Iborra; Manuel Barreiro de Acosta; Beatriz Sicilia; Jesús Barrio; José Lázaro Pérez Calle; David Busquets; Isabel Pérez-Martínez; Mercè Navarro-Llavat; Vicent Hernández; Federico Argüelles-Arias; Fernando Ramírez Esteso; Susana Meijide; Laura Ramos; Fernando Gomollón; Fernando Muñoz; Gerard Suris; Jone Ortiz de Zarate; José María Huguet; Jordina Llaó; Mariana Fe García-Sepulcre; Mónica Sierra; Miguel Durà; Sandra Estrecha; Ana Fuentes Coronel; Esther Hinojosa; Lorenzo Olivan; Eva Iglesias; Ana Gutiérrez; Pilar Varela; Núria Rull; Pau Gilabert; Alejandro Hernández-Camba; Alicia Brotons; Daniel Ginard; Eva Sesé; Daniel Carpio; Montserrat Aceituno; José Luis Cabriada; Yago González-Lama; Laura Jiménez; María Chaparro; Antonio López-San Román; Cristina Alba; Rocío Plaza-Santos; Raquel Mena; Sonsoles Tamarit-Sebastián; Elena Ricart; Margalida Calafat; Sonsoles Olivares; Pablo Navarro; Federico Bertoletti; Horacio Alonso-Galán; Ramón Pajares; Pablo Olcina; Pamela Manzano; Eugeni Domènech; Maria Esteve; on behalf of the ENEIDA Registry of GETECCU
Source
Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 24, p 7540 (2022)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2077-0383
Abstract
(1) Scant information is available concerning the characteristics that may favour the acquisition of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess these differences between infected and noninfected patients with IBD. (2) This nationwide case–control study evaluated patients with inflammatory bowel disease with COVID-19 (cases) and without COVID-19 (controls) during the period March–July 2020 included in the ENEIDA of GETECCU. (3) A total of 496 cases and 964 controls from 73 Spanish centres were included. No differences were found in the basal characteristics between cases and controls. Cases had higher comorbidity Charlson scores (24% vs. 19%; p = 0.02) and occupational risk (28% vs. 10.5%; p < 0.0001) more frequently than did controls. Lockdown was the only protective measure against COVID-19 (50% vs. 70%; p < 0.0001). No differences were found in the use of systemic steroids, immunosuppressants or biologics between cases and controls. Cases were more often treated with 5-aminosalicylates (42% vs. 34%; p = 0.003). Having a moderate Charlson score (OR: 2.7; 95%CI: 1.3–5.9), occupational risk (OR: 2.9; 95%CI: 1.8–4.4) and the use of 5-aminosalicylates (OR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.2–2.5) were factors for COVID-19. The strict lockdown was the only protective factor (OR: 0.1; 95%CI: 0.09–0.2). (4) Comorbidities and occupational exposure are the most relevant factors for COVID-19 in patients with IBD. The risk of COVID-19 seems not to be increased by immunosuppressants or biologics, with a potential effect of 5-aminosalicylates, which should be investigated further and interpreted with caution.